Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

December 11, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the ramifications of Hong Kong pro-democracy activist Agnes Chow’s decision to escape to Canada; a Filipino advocate being feted for her lifelong work for children; a commemoration of Afghan women activists on International Human Rights Day; and a new report criticizing the failures of the global war on drugs.

Hong Kong
Turning fugitive
Agnes Chow, 27 has been one of the prominent faces in Hong Kong for her role in the 2019 pro-democracy protests that gripped the city.

Early this month she announced she had moved to Canada and would not be returning to Hong Kong, skipping bail.

Chow has joined a long list of activists-turned-fugitives trying to escape the long arm of China’s persecution.

In an interview with The Guardian – just days after she disclosed she would “no longer go back (to Hong Kong) and probably never go back for the rest of my life” – Chow revealed one of the bail conditions imposed on her by Chinese authorities in return for allowing her to study abroad while she was out on bail.

To Chow there was no mistaking the purpose of the mandatory “propaganda tour” of the mainland: to “reeducate me.”

But moving to Canada, where she has been admitted in one of the universities there, has not erased her fears. She said was still “concerned about (her) personal safety”.

Hong Kong Chief Executive John Lee vowed to “pursue her for life unless she turns herself in.”

Chow is currently facing charges of colluding with foreign forces under the NSL, which gave China sweeping power over Hong Kong. Since her release on bail in 2021, she says she has been under surveillance by the city police.

Her fears about China reaching her even in Toronto is not unfounded. Among others, Chow risks being targeted by one of Beijing’s overseas “secret police stations,” some of which reportedly operate in Canada.

Safeguard Defenders, a Madrid-based rights group, estimates that there are more than 100 “Chinese overseas police service centers in 53 countries around the world, which are tasked to monitor and forcibly repatriate China’s targets. Experts believe that the stations are part of Beijing’s efforts to manage its more than 10.5 million citizens abroad and to keep a tighter leash on exiled citizens.

It’s also possible for Hong Kong to declare a bounty on Chow’s head and to go after anybody who will support her or help her hide. This, after all, has been the experience of eight self-exiled activists – including Nathan Law of the youth activist group Demosisto, which he cofounded with Chow, along with other prominent young pro-democracy leaders Joshua Wong and Oscar Lai.

Last July, Lee said the government would use “all necessary means” to hunt down dissidents and those assisting them.

Yip Ho, 35, was accused of helping hide three fugitive activists. He was slapped with the heaviest sentence among the four – 20 months in jail. Two of the four were sentenced to 11 months and two weeks, and 10 months, respectively, while the third, a 17-year-old and therefore a minor, was sent to a training center.
Pro-democracy activist Agnes Chow, pictured here in a press conference on Dec. 24, 2019, has fled to Toronto, Canada, citing fears for her safety under the Hong Kong government. (Photo: Shutterstock / Yung Chi Wai Derek)
Image is not available
Philippines
Giving children a voice
The world’s children got a significant boost on the global stage after a Filipino child rights’ advocate won the 2023 Asia Democracy and Human Rights Award – the first time it has been awarded to a children’s advocate since it was established in 2006.

Amihan Abueva, regional executive director of the Child Rights Coalition Asia (CRC Asia), received the award from Taiwan Foundation for Democracy (TFD) in Taipei on Dec. 7. She was feted for the “30 years of work [she] has done to promote children’s rights and welfare in Asia.”

Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen also recognized Abueva for being a “powerful advocate for the rights of children in her decades-long battle against all forms of child violence, especially trafficking and sexual exploitation.”

Abueva’s win comes on the heels of the United Nations’ Children’s Fund (UNICEF) recent declaration that children “live in a world that is increasingly hostile to their rights.”

“The United Nations has verified more than 315,000 grave child rights violations in areas under conflict between 2005 and 2022. And these are only the cases that have been verified which means the true number of violations is most certainly much higher,” said UNICEF.

The challenges confronting children today underscores the importance of ensuring that children’s voices are heard on issues affecting them. It’s a call championed by the world’s six largest children’s rights groups during September’s U.N. General Assembly, where they “demand(ed) greater financial investments and political will by governments and the wider international community for children’s systematic and sustainable participation in policy and decision-making processes.”

In 2021, the U.N. Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence Against Children called on governments to identify and ensure support for successful children-led campaigns. It also urged for better resources and funding for digital access so they can engage and contribute meaningfully.

In an interview with the Inquirer before she won the award, Abueva stressed that several issues linked to children’s survival and development could be “addressed if children had more substantive participation in decision-making.”

“[Their voices] should not be something to be wary of, but we should welcome that children are concerned and want to express their thoughts,” she said. “After all, only tyrants are afraid of children.”
Children from Manila’s slums pose happily for the camera in this photo taken in January 2019. (Photo: Shutterstock / MDV Edwards)
Image is not available
Afghanistan
Image is not available
An ongoing struggle
For International Human Rights Day this Dec. 10, rights campaigners in Afghanistan sought to turn the spotlight on the plight of Kabul’s women’s rights activists amid the ruling Taliban’s increasingly repressive actions against women.
While the extremist group, which adheres to a strict interpretation of the Sharia, had been known to impose severe restrictions on women even before they were ousted from power by U.S. and allied forces in 2001, their crackdown on women’s rights has worsened, particularly in the last few months, noted Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch (HRW).

This was a sharp turnaround from when they retook power in 2021, when they vowed to respect women’s rights “within the norms of Islamic law,” even encouraging women and girls to report for work and school.

The families of activists who remain in Taliban custody fear they are being tortured and abused under detention, while other activists fear they might be forced to give away the location and identity of fellow activists. The women were also not charged with a crime nor are they allowed legal counsel, according to U.N. special rapporteur on Afghanistan Richard Bennett.

HRW is aware of more unnamed activists who have disappeared or were arrested. Many of them had participated in protests calling for “bread, work and freedom” as women became increasingly shut out of opportunities to go to school, hold jobs, or even move freely in public.

But instead of lifting their draconian edicts against women, the Taliban have met their demands with violence. “Instead, the group appears to be ready to continue paying a heavy price for its hard-line policies and rights abuses, at the risk of failing to achieve the domestic legitimacy and international recognition it seeks,” according to journalist Abubakar Siddique.

In June, former U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Turk told the U.N. Human Rights Council that the Taliban may be responsible for systematic “gender apartheid,” which has “dismantled the most fundamental principles of human rights, particularly for women and girls.”

In the same meeting, Shaharzad Akbar, executive director of the non-profit Rawadari, said the “Taliban have turned Afghanistan to a mass graveyard of Afghan women and girls’ ambitions, dreams and potential.”
An Afghan student carries a placard saying “Protect Afghan women” during a protest organized by the National Federation of Indian Women in the Indian capital of New Delhi on Aug. 24, 2021. The protests were in solidarity with the Afghan women facing harsh conditions under the ruling Taliban. (Photo: Shutterstock / PradeepGaurs)
Global/Regional
Image is not available
A failed war
Four years since the 2019 Ministerial Declaration outlined its 10-year objectives in curbing the global drug situation, there has been little to no progress in achieving these goals.

A shadow report released early this month by the International Drug Policy Consortium (IDPC) highlights this grim reality. The nonprofit found, among others, that the world's so-called "war on drugs" has not only failed to curb the scale of the illegal drug trade but also fuelled human rights violations across the world.

“There is scant evidence that policies aimed at the prohibition and eradication of drugs have been effective in reducing illegal drug markets, or in tackling their connection with human insecurity, violence, and organized crime,” says the report.

Between 2019 and 2023, the world not only saw more drugs produced and trafficked; but the number of drug users between ages 15-64 also increased from 271 million to 296 million.

Moreover, the “militarization of drug responses, including through policies or practices that authorize the use of lethal force in drug control, often results in extrajudicial killings and other human rights violations," the report said.

As of this year, it noted that more than 2 million are in jail for drug offenses while the number of people executed for drug offenses rose by 213 percent. Meanwhile, only one in five people with drug dependence have access to treatment.

IDPC also flagged extrajudicial killings committed in the name of drug control, which happened at an alarming rate in Asian countries like the Philippines, Indonesia, and Thailand, as well as Mexico, Brazil, Afghanistan, Colombia.

The IDPC’s latest finding in particular means Asia has barely improved from 2018, when it noted that the region’s punitive approach to drugs “caused added health, social, public security and economic harms.” Back then, it had urged for “more meaningful goals and targets” in line with international human rights commitments.

Drug policy groups have been warning against staging drug wars, as they tend to lead to repressive anti-drug policies that impact human rights. In this light, Drug Policy Alliance has been calling for a decriminalization of small-time drug “violations” (i.e., possession for personal use) to help decongest prisons and redirect resources to treatment and rehabilitation. It argued that countries that have decriminalized drug use did not see significant increase in drug use, harm or crime.
A bar selling cannabis is seen in the famous Bangla Road, a tourist pedestrian street in Thailand’s Phuket island. The country is the first in Asia to decriminalize the use of cannabis. (Photo: Shutterstock / Nelson Antoine)
December 11, 2023
December 11, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the ramifications of Hong Kong pro-democracy activist Agnes Chow’s decision to escape to Canada; a Filipino advocate being feted for her lifelong work for children; a commemoration of Afghan women activists on International Human Rights Day; and a new report criticizing the failures of the global war on drugs.

December 4, 2023
December 4, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at China’s expanding influence operations ahead of U.S. elections next year; Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet’s first 100 days in office; the Bangladesh National Party’s boycott of the upcoming 2024 Bangladesh parliamentary elections; and cautious optimism by Asian Indigenous and environmental groups for a newly launched loss and damage funds for climate-vulnerable nations.

November 27, 2023
November 27, 2023

This week, we look at the influx of Rohingya refugees on Aceh, Indonesia's shores; a South Korea court ruling ordering Japan to pay compensation to wartime comfort women; a Pakistani court declaring the jail trial of former Prime Minister Imran Khan illegal; and the impact of corruption on women and girls in the Asia-Pacific.

November 20, 2023
November 20, 2023

This week, we look at abusive conditions endured by Japanese women in prisons; signs of the possible downfall of the Myanmar junta; a Sri Lankan Supreme Court landmark ruling holding the Rajapaksa family responsible for the worst economic crisis that the country has faced; and a sober call to mark World Children’s Day.

November 13, 2023
November 13, 2023

This week’s edition takes a look at North Korea’s bellicose response to a South Korean court overturning a law that criminalized anti-Pyongyang propaganda leaflets; the degradation of Vietnam’s most recognizable heritage site; Nepal’s ban of Tiktok; and a sobering reality check for the Asia-Pacific region.

November 6, 2023
November 6, 2023

In this week's edition, we look at a renewed push from Washington to expand existing sanctions against Hong Kong officials; the poor conditions facing Afghan refugees fleeing Pakistan ahead of a Nov. 1 deportation order; Manila’s exit from China’s ambitious Belt and Road Initiative; and the continuing backslide of democracy worldwide for the sixth year in a row.

October 30, 2023
October 30, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at Chinese President Xi Jinping urging women to have more babies; Indonesian President Joko Widodo’s moves to build a political dynasty; election-related violence exploding in Bangladesh; and calls to protect a mountain range that serves as the lifeline of a quarter of the world’s population.

October 23, 2023
October 23, 2023

In this edition, we look at renewed hopes for LGBTQI+ equality in Japan; a possible crime against humanity committed in Myanmar’s Kachin State; a decades-long fight for the disappeared in Sri Lanka; and renewed efforts to improve North Korea’s human rights record.

October 16, 2023
October 16, 2023

This week, we look at G7 chair Japan’s restrained response to the fresh Israeli-Palestinian conflict that broke out in Gaza last week; the removal of a national holiday that marked the Philippines’ transition to democracy; a Bangladeshi court granting bail to two of its most prominent activists; and continued resistance to China and Indonesia’s win at the U.N. Human Rights Council.

October 9, 2023
October 9, 2023

In this edition, we look at the consequences of the ongoing conflict in both Pakistan and Israel; how a Cambodian court denied three activists the chance to receive a prize for their environmental work; and how China's censors worked overtime to scrub the internet of a photograph.

October 2, 2023
October 2, 2023

This week, we look at the rise of anti-Muslim hate speech in India in the first half of the year; a “cult” in the Philippines that was revealed to have been victimizing young girls; the lifting of a ban on anti-Pyongyang propaganda for its unconstitutional restriction on free speech; and how human rights defenders across the world are facing reprisals for working with the U.N.

September 25, 2023
September 25, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at free speech in Southeast Asia, a gender equality quota in India’s house, the lese majeste law in Thailand, and the enduring effects of the Beijing-sponsored National Security Law in Hong Kong.

September 18, 2023
September 18, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at Taiwan’s housing crisis, the ASEAN Air Chiefs Conference in Myanmar, freedom of information in Malaysia, and the questionable appointment practices of Pakistan’s caretaker government.

September 11, 2023
September 11, 2023

This week, we look at domestic worker rights in Macao, potential government complicity in Sri Lanka’s Easter bombings, ramping school surveillance in the Philippines, and China’s continued protest against the release of Fukushima wastewater.

September 4, 2023
September 4, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the upcoming G20 meeting, South Asia’s rapid descent into surveillance, starvation and secrecy in North Korea, and Hun Sen’s triumphant return to Facebook despite having demonstrably violated its policies.

August 28, 2023
August 28, 2023

In this edition, we will look at mounting anti-Christian violence in India and Pakistan, Hong Kong’s crackdown on artistic expression, the roster of Presidential candidates in Singapore, and the enduring problem of human trafficking in India.

August 21, 2023
August 21, 2023

In this week’s edition, we are looking at Taiwan’s weak cybersecurity, the state of disability equality in Nepal, Cambodia’s pro-business courts, and the challenges that humanitarian workers worldwide endure in the performance of their duties.

August 14, 2023
August 14, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at China’s belligerence in the South China Sea, South Korea’s growing mental health problem, the Myanmar junta’s crimes against humanity, and the imminent implementation of Sharia law in Afghanistan.

August 7, 2023
August 7, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at China’s newest round of internet restrictions, Pakistan kowtowing to the IMF’s demands, the Sedition Act in Malaysia, and the climate injustice drowning large swathes of Asia.

July 31, 2023
July 31, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at youth extremism in Singapore, child sexual exploitation in Taiwan, Sri Lanka’s 40th year commemorations for Black July, and North Korea’s first foreign guest since the pandemic.

July 24, 2023
July 24, 2023

This week, we are looking at Cambodia’s sham elections, growing anti-trans hate in Japan, the royalist barrier stemming Thailand’s progressive wave, and Bangladesh’s worsening economic crisis.

July 17, 2023
July 17, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the precarious situation in Myanmar, India’s achievements against poverty, Hong Kong’s ongoing crackdown on dissent, and the state of population control across Asia.

July 10, 2023
July 10, 2023

In this edition, we look at domestic violence in South Korea, the deteriorating peace situation in Sri Lanka, Cambodia’s vindictive ban on Meta’s Oversight Board members, and Japan’s plan to dump treated radioactive water from the Fukushima incident into the Pacific Ocean.

July 3, 2023
July 3, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at Laos’s environmental laws, the Philippines’ online casino-related human trafficking problem, Nepal’s recent ruling on same-sex marriage, and China’s new “education initiative” to sway public opinion toward reunification.

June 26, 2023
June 26, 2023

In this edition, we look at the ongoing U.N. Human Rights Council’s regular session, jail overcrowding in the Philippines, the formidable force of conservativism in Hong Kong, and online child sexual abuse in India.

June 19, 2023
June 19, 2023

In this edition, we look at Sri Lanka’s tightening grip on the media, Thailand’s growing tension with the throne, the dire state of migrant workers in Southeast Asia, and Japan’s dark history of eugenics.

June 12, 2023
June 12, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at North Korea’s spiking suicide rate, Russia-China military drills, Afghanistan’s enduring and ironic dependence on international aid, and Vietnam’s energy crisis.

June 5, 2023
June 5, 2023

In this edition, we look at Pakistan’s tense negotiations with the International Monetary Fund, Indonesia’s crackdown on online speech, and China’s youth unemployment problem and unwillingness to engage in level-headed discussions over security matters in the region.

May 29, 2023
May 29, 2023

In this edition, we look at a contentious land use bill in the Philippines, a new mobile device management policy in Nepal, the growing support for gender equality in Taiwan, and what Thailand’s new progressive government might mean for Myanmar.

May 22, 2023
May 22, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the human rights agenda at the G7 Summit in Hiroshima, the commemoration of the Gwangju uprising’s 43rd anniversary, skyrocketing drug prices in South Asia, and the sex abuse case that shook Singapore to its core.

May 15, 2023
May 15, 2023

In this edition, we look at two oppressive detention policies in Northeast Asia: China’s unyielding arrest of foreign journalists and Japan’s harsh policies for immigrants. We also look at Thailand’s lese-majeste law in the context of its elections and Pakistan’s widespread internet shutdown.

May 8, 2023
May 8, 2023

In this edition, we look at the dire state of press freedom in Southeast Asia, a bubbling conflict between healthcare workers in South Korea, the dengue problem swarming South Asia, and Indonesia’s measures against the impending COVID-19 surge.

May 1, 2023
May 1, 2023

In this edition, we look at Singapore’s overly harsh approach to cannabis as the death penalty for drug-related offenses remains firmly in place, the political convenience of gender equality in India, the continued shrinking of civic space in Hong Kong, and the U.S.’s increased military presence in Asia, keeping tight tabs on its authoritarian adversary.

April 24, 2023
April 24, 2023

In this edition, we will look at the Philippines’ education crisis, Pakistan’s political turmoil, the United Nations’ impending withdrawal from Afghanistan, and the continued and fraught push for marriage equality in Japan.

April 17, 2023
April 17, 2023

In this edition, we look at the environmental crises sweeping through Southeast Asia, another Covid-19 outbreak threatening South Asia, a bird flu death in China, and the bloody consequences of an apathetic international community, alongside powerful benefactors, abetting amid the unyielding violence and tyranny of Myanmar’s junta.

March 20, 2023
March 20, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the sad truth about health staffing shortages; the impossible choice faced by the Rohingya in Bangladesh; Vietnam’s repressive Article 331; and the challenges of exposing Uyghur forced labor in supply chains.

March 13, 2023
March 13, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the few bright spots for democracy in Asia; the Northeast Asian country where feminism is a dirty word; the country known as the internet shutdown capital of the world; and a symbolic victory for World War II sex slaves in the Philippines.

February 27, 2023
February 27, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Asia’s deadliest place for a woman to be a mother; Japan’s antiquated age of consent law; a hidden danger in Northeast Asia; and a sweet victory for people-oriented mobility in the Philippines.

February 20, 2023
February 20, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an uphill battle against a stigmatizing disease in Bangladesh; the threat multiplier of rising sea levels; a heavy-handed attempt to silence an independent media outlet in Cambodia; and a landmark victory for trans men in Hong Kong.

February 13, 2023
February 13, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: forced assimilation in the guise of education in Tibet; the women-only buses in Karachi, Pakistan; the need to make the internet safer for children; and the Malaysian manufacturers reaping the rewards of responsible business.

February 6, 2023
February 6, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Hong Kong’s long-simmering housing crisis; corruption’s vicious cycle; the ban barring Afghanistan women from giving lifesaving support to people in dire need of aid; and a tiny Indonesian island’s battle against a huge carbon-emitting cement maker.

December 12, 2022
December 12, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a railway that has brought few benefits to poor Laotians; why Pakistan’s coal mines are some of the most dangerous in the world; Hong Kong’s refugees in limbo; and the forced labor that taints the global auto supply chain.

December 5, 2022
December 5, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the persons with disabilities worldwide who are being left behind; the disinformation hampering polio vaccination in Indonesia and Pakistan; an opportunity for Sri Lanka’s women caught in twin crises; and the torture being inflicted on transgenders in Singapore and Japan.

previous arrow
next arrow