Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

May 1, 2023

In this edition, we look at Singapore’s overly harsh approach to cannabis as the death penalty for drug-related offenses remains firmly in place, the political convenience of gender equality in India, the continued shrinking of civic space in Hong Kong, and the U.S.’s increased military presence in Asia, keeping tight tabs on its authoritarian adversary.

Global/Regional
A spotlight on human rights while keeping China in check
Amid increasingly aggressive posturing from China over the South China Sea, American and Filipino armed forces flooded the hotly contested waters last week in a joint military exercise.

The joint exercise included more than 12,000 U.S. personnel and some 5,400 Filipino forces, along with over a hundred Australian participants, and is being touted as the largest since the U.S. and the Philippines started the cooperative drills some 30 years ago.

In recent years, Beijing’s behavior in the South China Sea has grown from belligerent to violent. In June 2018, Chinese coast guard harassed Filipino fishermen who were catching fish in Scarborough Shoal, which is comfortably within the Philippines’ exclusive economic zone.

A report by GMA Integrated News showed that Chinese vessels swarmed the area around Scarborough, with one speedboat even approaching the Filipino boats to take their haul.

The incidents have only continued – if not escalated – since.

The U.S., alarmed by the prospect of losing its grip over one of its staunchest Asian allies, has come to the Philippines’ aid, providing some USD 100 million in military funding.

Positioning itself as a champion of human rights and democracy, the U.S. has also pointed to China’s several atrocities – including allegations of genocide in Xinjiang and its disrespect of Taiwan’s sovereignty – as further validation to keep the Asian superpower in check.

In September 2022, months after he won the Philippine elections in a landslide victory, Pres Ferdinand Marcos, Jr. met with his U.S. counterpart President Joe Biden during the United Nations General Assembly, where they discussed the mutual defense over the South China Sea, human rights, and the “deep” relationship between the two countries.

“The relationship between the United States and the Philippines, to state the obvious, has very deep roots,” Pres. Biden said during their meeting. “We’ve had some rocky times, but the fact is it’s a critical, critical relationship, from our perspective.”

Marcos, Jr. is the son of former dictator Ferdinand Marcos, whose reign of power is marked by bloodshed, corruption, and widespread repression of human rights. Marcos, Jr. himself is hounded by a similarly fraught background and is currently fielding a standing contempt judgement by a U.S. court in connection with the human rights abuses of his late father.
PHOTO: A Filipino fisherman looks out to sea. Philippine waters have become hotly contested in recent years as China has ramped up its aggression and territorial claims over the South China Sea.
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Southeast Asia
Hung up on executions
Last week, despite outcry from family and rights groups, Singapore hanged a man who had been convicted of conspiring to smuggle a kilogram of cannabis into the country.

Tangaraju Suppiah, 46, a man of Tamil descent, was sentenced to death in 2018, after a high court found him guilty of being in communication with traffickers who were trying to bring the drugs into the country. He was put to death in Changi Prison.

In the days leading up to his execution, several local and international rights campaigners called on the Singaporean government to overturn its decision, which they considered to be very harsh. Suppiah, after all, had not even come in contact with the drugs. He merely abetted its attempted entry into the country.

Harm Reduction International (HRI), a health- and justice-based non-profit, said that in pushing through with the execution, Singapore would be going against international agreements regarding the death penalty.

Government data show that most of the executions in the country are for drug-related cases. In 2022, Singapore executed 11 people, all in connection with illicit substances. Drug offenses also led to the executions of two people in 2019, 11 in 2018, and eight in 2017.

“[D]rug offences do not meet the threshold of ‘most serious’ crimes to which the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights mandates that the death penalty be restricted in retentionist countries,” the HRI said in a statement.

HRI also enjoined the U.N. and the broader international community to rally to Suppiah’s side and urge the Singaporean government to halt his execution.

The execution demonstrates just how strict Singapore is when it comes to illicit substances. In fact, for all nationals or permanent residents, consuming cannabis even while abroad is illegal and is punishable with up to 10 years of imprisonment and thousands of dollars in fines.

Perhaps the most high-profile example of Singapore’s tight restrictions on cannabis is that of its Olympic swimmer Joseph Schooling. In August 2022, he and fellow high-level swimmer Amanda Lim admitted to using cannabis while they were in Vietnam to compete in the SEA Games. Both athletes received stern warnings from the Bureau and faced disciplinary action.
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Northeast Asia
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Tighter noose
There’s simply no stopping Beijing from clamping down on whatever is left of civic activism and fundamental freedoms in Hong Kong.

Just days ahead of Labor Day, two former members of the Confederation of Trade Unions in Hong Kong applied to hold what would have been the first labor day rally since COVID-19 hit. The organizers were expecting some 500 demonstrators.

However, the group retracted their application last week, after Joe Wong Nai-yuen, one of the rally’s organizers and former chairman of the trade union, was taken away by the police. Denny To Chun-ho, former committee member, confirmed that after being missing for around five hours, Wong had returned but was visibly shaken and under a lot of mental distress.

According to a Facebook post by To, as reported by The Standard, Hong Kong authorities forced Wong to sign an agreement to cancel the group’s labor day plans. “However, subject to the Article 63 of the Hong Kong National Security Law, he couldn’t disclose details any further,” To wrote.

This year will be the third year in a row that Hong Kong will be unable to celebrate labor day. The pandemic set the precedent, forcing the territory to impose sweeping and harsh lockdowns. Critics, however, attribute the crackdown to the National Security Law and Beijing’s campaign against dissent.

The Confederation of Trade Unions was also a casualty of the National Security Law. The group disbanded in late 2021 following mounting pressure and unrelenting clampdown from officials.

Beijing’s long arm extends far beyond Hong Kong’s streets and unions and reaches deep into the libraries and minds, too. Hong Kong’s government last week moved toward censoring books.

In a report by the Audit Commission, Hong Kong’s government pointed to the need to ramp up its campaign to examine library materials to protect national security.

The Northeast Asian territory has taken several similar steps in the past. In June, authorities moved to control the content of books in schools. Meanwhile, at least a decade’s worth of effort has already gone into purging books about the Tiananmen Massacre from libraries.
South Asia
The political play of gender equality
Last year, several LGBTQI+ couples petitioned India’s Supreme Court to legalize same-sex marriage. Those cases have now made their way to the top of the Court’s docket.

Many consider this to be a significant step toward gender equality, especially given the highly conservative government – not to mention society – of India. This victory comes five years after a landmark and unanimous Supreme Court decision in 2018 that decriminalized homosexuality and gay sex in the country.

But during last week’s hearings, the Indian government argued fervidly against same-sex marriage, showing that there’s still a long way to go to gender parity in the country.

In front of the high court, the Ministry of Law insisted that though many different forms of relationships might exist, same-sex relations and partnerships are “not comparable with the Indian family unit concept of a husband, a wife and children,” according to a filing, as reported by Reuters.

Meanwhile, Prime Minister Narendra Modi is using gender equality as a token measure to court an emerging political powerhouse.

Women have long held lower positions in Indian society than men. While the South Asian superpower has legal protections in place for women, several systemic problems persist, such as poverty, sexual violence, access to resources, pay disparity, and workplace representation.

As of early 2021, less than 15 percent of the seats in Parliament belonged to women, according to data from UN Women, in stark contrast to their political participation including in electoral processes. In 2019, women’s voter turnout surged to 67 percent and, for the first time, eclipsed that of men, according to a report from Reuters.

This is the political opportunity that Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) wants to seize. Vanathi Srinivasan, the person leading the BJP’s campaign for representation, told Reuters that the Party is planning to field women candidates for approximately a third of the nearly 550 Parliament seats up for elections in 2024.

But is this true gender parity that the BJP is striving for? Or is it mere political expediency to stay in power?
May 1, 2023
May 1, 2023

In this edition, we look at Singapore’s overly harsh approach to cannabis as the death penalty for drug-related offenses remains firmly in place, the political convenience of gender equality in India, the continued shrinking of civic space in Hong Kong, and the U.S.’s increased military presence in Asia, keeping tight tabs on its authoritarian adversary.

April 24, 2023
April 24, 2023

In this edition, we will look at the Philippines’ education crisis, Pakistan’s political turmoil, the United Nations’ impending withdrawal from Afghanistan, and the continued and fraught push for marriage equality in Japan.

April 17, 2023
April 17, 2023

In this edition, we look at the environmental crises sweeping through Southeast Asia, another Covid-19 outbreak threatening South Asia, a bird flu death in China, and the bloody consequences of an apathetic international community, alongside powerful benefactors, abetting amid the unyielding violence and tyranny of Myanmar’s junta.

March 20, 2023
March 20, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the sad truth about health staffing shortages; the impossible choice faced by the Rohingya in Bangladesh; Vietnam’s repressive Article 331; and the challenges of exposing Uyghur forced labor in supply chains.

March 13, 2023
March 13, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the few bright spots for democracy in Asia; the Northeast Asian country where feminism is a dirty word; the country known as the internet shutdown capital of the world; and a symbolic victory for World War II sex slaves in the Philippines.

February 27, 2023
February 27, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Asia’s deadliest place for a woman to be a mother; Japan’s antiquated age of consent law; a hidden danger in Northeast Asia; and a sweet victory for people-oriented mobility in the Philippines.

February 20, 2023
February 20, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an uphill battle against a stigmatizing disease in Bangladesh; the threat multiplier of rising sea levels; a heavy-handed attempt to silence an independent media outlet in Cambodia; and a landmark victory for trans men in Hong Kong.

February 13, 2023
February 13, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: forced assimilation in the guise of education in Tibet; the women-only buses in Karachi, Pakistan; the need to make the internet safer for children; and the Malaysian manufacturers reaping the rewards of responsible business.

February 6, 2023
February 6, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Hong Kong’s long-simmering housing crisis; corruption’s vicious cycle; the ban barring Afghanistan women from giving lifesaving support to people in dire need of aid; and a tiny Indonesian island’s battle against a huge carbon-emitting cement maker.

December 12, 2022
December 12, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a railway that has brought few benefits to poor Laotians; why Pakistan’s coal mines are some of the most dangerous in the world; Hong Kong’s refugees in limbo; and the forced labor that taints the global auto supply chain.

December 5, 2022
December 5, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the persons with disabilities worldwide who are being left behind; the disinformation hampering polio vaccination in Indonesia and Pakistan; an opportunity for Sri Lanka’s women caught in twin crises; and the torture being inflicted on transgenders in Singapore and Japan.

November 28, 2022
November 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Apple’s albatross; an unfolding catastrophe for Afghan children; the new UN treaty to end the age of pernicious plastics; and the good news for Singapore’s gig workers.

November 21, 2022
November 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the youth from the Global South who made the most of their seat at the table at COP27; the Thai police who show zero tolerance for peaceful protests; the attacks on press freedom in South Korea; and the too-few Nepali women in the political arena.

November 14, 2022
November 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Philippines’ human rights in the spotlight; the modern slaves behind football’s biggest party; the harmful practice endured by women and girls in Asia; and the new mandatory disclosures that can close the gender pay gap in Japan.

November 7, 2022
November 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the shocking impunity of murderers of media workers; Pyongyang’s record-breaking missile barrage; a call to starve Myanmar’s military junta of fuel for its deadly air attacks; and the landmark ruling that banned a traumatic test in India.

October 31, 2022
October 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the return of a global killer; the appalling forced deportations in Malaysia and Thailand; China’s worldwide network of illegal police stations; and the future of farming in Bangladesh.

October 17, 2022
October 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for LGBTQ rights in Japan; a neglected epidemic in Cambodia; the countries in Asia that cling to the death penalty; and hope for mental health sufferers in India.

October 10, 2022
October 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the false narrative that endangers transgenders in Pakistan; why Indonesia is one of the most dangerous countries in which to attend a football game; education under attack in Asia; and the foiled debate on China’s widespread human rights abuses in Xinjiang.

October 3, 2022
October 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the construction workers in Hong Kong who are dying on the job; the South Asian country where many ferry passengers risk drowning and death; the human rights defenders who risk reprisals; and a sweet victory for an under-supported changemaker in the Philippines.

September 26, 2022
September 26, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: sobering statistics about women’s lives on the brink; the country where women are stalked and killed; a blocked citizenship law in Nepal; and the faint silver lining in Myanmar’s humanitarian crisis.

September 19, 2022
September 19, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the global rise in forced marriages; the risks brought about by digital identity systems such as India’s Aadhar; the Southeast Asian country that doesn’t deserve a seat in the UN Human Rights Council; and a ray of hope for foreigners detained in Japan’s immigration centers.

September 12, 2022
September 12, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the alarming spike in house arrests under Chinese President Xi Jinping’s rule; the community at risk of genocide in Afghanistan; the millions deprived of the right to read; and Cambodia’s learning gardens.

September 5, 2022
September 5, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how extreme heat has led to occupational safety lapses worldwide; how North Korea used the coronavirus to increasingly repress the rights of its people; the weaponization of Sri Lanka’s Prevention of Terrorism Act against peaceful protesters; and Thailand’s innovative approach to curb teenage pregnancy.

August 29, 2022
August 29, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the real roadblocks to fair COVID-19 vaccine distribution; the first step to ending torture in Pakistan; a bittersweet victory for Singapore’s LGBT activists; and the campaign to combat China’s disinformation in Taiwan.

August 22, 2022
August 22, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: China’s chilling psywar tactic; the lowest-paid workers in Bangladesh; Cambodia’s ground zero for human trafficking; and why FIFA and Qatar owe abused migrant workers US$440 million in reparations.

August 15, 2022
August 15, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Indonesia’s repressive hijab rules; the plight of Seoul’s basement dwellers; the Afghan evacuees trapped by red tape; and the crucial role of Indigenous women as keepers of knowledge.

August 8, 2022
August 8, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a setback in Malaysian mothers’ campaign against an unequal citizenship law; Japan’s flawed program that has become a breeding ground for abuse; the heavy toll of water scarcity in Bangladesh; and the women who eat last and least.

August 1, 2022
August 1, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a discriminatory lockdown in Taiwan; the endless wait for justice for victims of wartime atrocities in Nepal; a new law that is a betrayal of public health in the Philippines; and alarming news about the other deadly virus.

July 25, 2022
July 25, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a “zero click” Trojan horse attacking the phones of Thai activists; the heavy-handed tactics of Sri Lanka’s new government; the bleak picture for freedom of expression in Asia; and the fresh hell inflicted by Pyongyang on harried North Koreans.

July 18, 2022
July 18, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an app update that may increase state control in Hong Kong; the serious risk to Myanmar’s democracy activists; the depressing news in the World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Report for 2022; and Afghanistan’s secret schools for girls.

July 11, 2022
July 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark ruling against modern slavery; a massive data breach that exposed the personal data of 1 billion Chinese; a faint glimmer of hope for Pakistan’s victims of enforced disappearances; and a contentious Indonesian draft law that would promote — not prevent — rights violations.

July 4, 2022
July 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: India’s travel bans on journalists; South Korea’s bad bosses; Asia’s worst countries for workers in 2022; and a promising uptick in financial inclusion worldwide.

June 27, 2022
June 27, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a historic wage hike for garment workers in Pakistan’s Sindh province; the U.S. law which bans the import of goods made with forced labor from China’s Xinjiang region; the Asian countries that keep their citizens in the dark; and Vietnam’s environmental activists under attack.

June 20, 2022
June 20, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the twin victory of South Korean truckers; the spotty observance of the right of due process in the Philippines; the growing problem of elder abuse; and the burning issue of global warming — and the tools to cool down cities.

June 13, 2022
June 13, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how Mongolia brought digital rights to many citizens’ fingertips; a hidden lockdown for migrant workers in Singapore; the cross-cutting issue of food safety; and Bangladesh’s arbitrary cancellation of the license of a key human rights NGO.

June 6, 2022
June 6, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark settlement for sacked Thai garment workers; an ongoing battle for marriage equality in Taiwan; how attacks on schools worldwide jeopardize the future of children; period poverty and pain.

May 30, 2022
May 30, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the palm oil that is tainted by corporate greed; a law that restricts rape victims in Nepal in their quest for justice; Japan’s controversial training of the Tamadaw; and the shroud of secrecy veiling Asia’s executing countries.

May 23, 2022
May 23, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a shadow pandemic in Thailand; the Taliban’s dissolution of a key human rights body in Afghanistan; the doubtful outcome of the UN rights chief’s Xinjiang visit; and an invasive technology that may turn a lifeline app into a surveillance tool.

May 16, 2022
May 16, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the decades-long struggle for disability rights in South Korea; a minimum wage law that excludes domestic helpers in Malaysia; India’s antiquated and arbitrary sedition law; and the glaring gaps in alcohol marketing regulations that put young people and heavy drinkers at risk.

May 9, 2022
May 9, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the gloomy picture of press freedom in Asia; a heartbreaking polio outbreak in Pakistan; the turning of the tide for a prisoner of conscience in the Philippines; and North Korea’s fashion police.

May 2, 2022
May 2, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the latest setback for a fallen democracy icon in Myanmar; hard-won progress for worker safety in Bangladesh; another nail in the coffin of press freedom in Hong Kong; and the human and environmental costs of sand mining.

April 25, 2022
April 25, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark legal victory for gay soldiers in South Korea; an assault on education and an ethnic community in Afghanistan; the return of an independence leader in Timor-Leste; and ASEAN’s failed five-point consensus on the Myanmar crisis.

April 18, 2022
April 18, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark victory for Indonesian women; Hong Kong’s forgotten elderly; a proposed law that raises fears of a surveillance state in India; and the freedom that is at risk worldwide.

April 11, 2022
April 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Filipina politician who is in the crosshairs of trolls and haters; Sri Lanka’s heavy-handed tactics; a horrifying new discovery about forced organ harvesting in China; and the major global problem of toxic air.

April 4, 2022
April 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: “delayed” justice for street sleepers in Hong Kong; a problematic draft law that could shut down Thailand’s vibrant civil society; India’s appalling apathy toward Rohingya refugees; and the “crucial weakness” in the governance of global health organizations.

March 28, 2022
March 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a watershed moment for lesbian and bisexual women everywhere; the other devastating pandemic; a victory for young voters in Taiwan; and Vietnam’s repressive Article 88.

March 21, 2022
March 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for women’s rights in Bangladesh; Singapore’s addiction to the death penalty; China’s unsafe food and how it threatens the ruling party; and the Qatari dream that has become the migrant workers’ nightmare.

March 14, 2022
March 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: South Korea’s “anti-feminist” president-elect; the tiny Southeast Asian country that is standing up to Russia; a call to end the Taliban’s crackdown on Afghan women’s rights; and the prescription for a full pandemic recovery.

March 7, 2022
March 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: ASEAN’s fence-sitting on the Ukraine crisis; the “shocking abuses” against indigenous Papuans; scant support for the backbone of Hong Kong’s economy; and lessons from an adaptation role model.

February 28, 2022
February 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the misleading marketing of formula milk to women worldwide; the guilty verdict that should be a watershed moment for Pakistan’s women; North Korea’s Supreme Leader’s focus on launching missiles over administering COVID-19 vaccines; and “a historic win” for grassroots activists.

February 21, 2022
February 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the pernicious practice of “red-tagging” in the Philippines; firewall fears in Hong Kong; a crackdown against journalists in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir; and a harmful and unnecessary rite of passage for girls.

February 14, 2022
February 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a horrifying hijab ban in India; an alarming spate of custodial deaths in Malaysia; the bullies hiding behind keyboards in South Korea; and the high toll of Japan’s strict entry ban.

February 7, 2022
February 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the “burner phone Olympics” in Beijing; Myanmar’s annus horribilis; the steep price Sri Lankans are paying for botched schemes; and the mountain of pandemic-induced medical waste that threatens health and the environment.

January 31, 2022
January 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a report that shows how, across the globe, corruption and human rights violations go hand in hand; a “shamelessly scandalous” scheme that threatens media freedom in the Philippines; the living hell of the Afghan LGBT community under Taliban rule; and the “positive endings” Chinese censors impose on Hollywood movies and even a local show.

January 24, 2022
January 24, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an anti-poor “no vaccination, no ride” policy in the Philippines; a “sportswashing opportunity” for China; the bogus charges against a Cambodian opposition leader; and two rays of hope for Pakistan’s women.

January 17, 2022
January 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a cautiously positive report from Human Rights Watch; the math of misogyny in Indonesia; India’s draconian anti-terror law; how Cambodia keeps a lid on dissent; and the fight for the rights of migrant workers in Taiwan.

January 10, 2022
January 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Cambodia’s strongman playing “rogue diplomat”; a welcome ban on child marriage in the Philippines; North Korea’s “boomerang defector”; and the weaponization of technology against Muslim women.

January 3, 2022
January 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a wave of hate speech and violence against India’s religious minorities; press freedom in tatters in Hong Kong; a horrifying Christmas massacre in Myanmar; and how the Taliban have revoked Afghan women’s hard-won rights.

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