Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

February 6, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Hong Kong’s long-simmering housing crisis; corruption’s vicious cycle; the ban barring Afghanistan women from giving lifesaving support to people in dire need of aid; and a tiny Indonesian island’s battle against a huge carbon-emitting cement maker.

Hong Kong
The big squeeze on the tiny house debate
In Hong Kong, heated debate over the government’s plan to build temporary public housing on a prime commercial area may test the limits of free expression. It has thrown into stark relief the enormous divide between the city’s haves and have-nots.

In a city of 125,100 millionaires, an acute shortage of public housing and sky-high property prices have forced Hong Kong’s poorest residents to squeeze into “coffin homes.” These subdivided units in tenements are so named because of their tiny size.

Over the years, Hong Kong leaders have failed to keep their promises to tackle the housing crisis. The result: The number of subdivided households increased by almost 17 per cent – from 91,787 in 2016, to 107,371 in 2021, according to the Liber Research Community, a Hong Kong research group. A total of 215,709 people lived in subdivided dwellings in 2021 – including 1,505 foreign domestic workers – according to the government’s 2021 census. The average waiting time for public housing is 5.6 years.

To temporarily ease the housing crunch, the government plans to spend US$3.3 billion to build about 30,000 units of “light public housing” over the next five years. Since construction takes up to five years, Liber Research Community says the plan won’t cut the waiting time for public housing applicants.

Meanwhile, many residents oppose a plan to build 10,000 homes on commercial site in Kai Tak. They question the US$1.2 billion construction cost of the flats and worry that the housing project would further delay the area’s development into a second central business district. One lawmaker said the construction could obstruct the views of residents in nearby private complexes.

On Friday, Deputy Financial Secretary Michael Wong Wai-lun warned the dissatisfied residents against opposing the Kai Tak project. The South China Morning Post reports that in a Facebook post, Wong said: “It’s not only unwise to constantly stir up social conflict, or even publicly bad-mouth the area’s value, but it’s also harmful to oneself and others.”

The mainland Chinese law against “picking quarrels and provoking trouble” has been weaponized to muzzle dissent. People in the mainland and in Hong Kong who are found guilty of the vaguely worded offense face up to five years in prison.
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Regional
Corruption’s vicious cycle
Myanmar, whose toppling of the democratically elected government by the military marked its second anniversary on Feb. 1, has become a poster child for how corruption fuels conflict and human rights violations.

The state-owned Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise, which has been accused of money laundering and corruption, “provides the junta with billions of dollars each year, which fund its brutal campaign against those raising their voices,” says Transparency International. Since the coup, Myanmar has dropped five points to 23 out of 100 on the Berlin-based global anti-graft watchdog’s latest Corruption Perceptions Index.

The index ranks 180 countries and territories around the world by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as determined by expert assessments and opinion surveys. The results are given on a scale of 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean).

In the Asia Pacific, “basic freedoms [were] restricted as anti-corruptions efforts [were] neglected, says the Berlin-based non-profit organization. “Grand corruption remains common, and the overall situation has barely improved” among nations in the region. It scored an average of 45 points out of 100 for the fourth year in a row.

Singapore’s generally squeaky-clean image led to its ranking as the fifth least corrupt country in the world in 2022. It is the only Asian country to be in the top 10. However, it was also the lowest ranking in five years for the Lion City.

Among the lowest-scoring countries are Afghanistan, Myanmar, and North Korea. The common thread among these tail-enders is that they are among the least peaceful nations according to the Global Peace Index.

Years of violence and war have used up resources that governments could have used to curb corruption. They have been ravaged by years of violence and war, which has eradicated resources and left governments unable to curb corruption. Transparency International said, “Corruption feeds on conflict, creating a vicious cycle that ultimately becomes a barrier to attain peace.”
Asia’s least and most corrupt countries
Singapore, Hong Kong, and Japan were ranked in the top three spots in Transparency International’s global Corruption Perceptions Index. Of the 24 Asian countries ranked, 18 (highlighted in red below) have a serious problem with corruption, scoring below 50.
Source: Transparency International’s global Corruption Perceptions Index
* A country’s score is the perceived level of public sector corruption on a scale of 0-100, where 0 means highly corrupt and 100 means very clean.
A country’s rank is its position relative to the other countries in the index. Ranks can change merely if the number of countries included in the index changes.
Note: The rank is therefore not as important as the score in terms of indicating the level of corruption in that country.
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Afghanistan
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When will women aid workers return to work?
The Afghanistan humanitarian relief operation is the largest operation in the world, says Martin Griffiths, head of the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. In the midst of a savage winter, 28 million people in the south Asian country — almost two-thirds of the population — are in dire need of aid. Six million Afghans face the risk of famine, and 875,000 children may be devastated by severe malnutrition this year.

Afghan women could have made a significant contribution to this massive and critical effort. Women make up one-third of the 55,000 Afghan nationals working for NGOs in the country, said Janti Soeripto, president of Save the Children U.S.

However, on Dec. 24, 2022, the Taliban banned Afghan women from working with domestic and international aid groups. The ban hamstrung the humanitarian relief operation. It has led some international NGOs to suspend their work.

Local and international NGOs do the lion’s share — 70 percent — of the humanitarian response in Afghanistan, said Sofía Sprechmann Sineiro, secretary-general of Care International, in a VOA News report. She said, “So let there be no ambiguity; tying the hands of NGOs by barring women from giving lifesaving support to other women will cost lives,” she said.

In a gender alert, UN Women concludes that the discriminatory ban has far-reaching “implications … including dealing a further blow to the Afghan economy amid the ongoing crisis” and further erases “Afghan women and girls from all aspects of Afghan public life.”
Indonesia
Who pays for ‘climate damages’?
What does a Swiss cement group have to do with the destruction of Pari Island in Indonesia? Plenty, according to four residents of the tiny island about 40km north of Jakarta. Last Monday, they filed a lawsuit to hold Holcim, the world’s top cement maker, liable for “climate damages” and to seek compensation for psychological and material losses.

They claim that Holcim contributed to the climate crisis that has made their lives on Pari a daily struggle for survival. The plaintiffs argue that though they had contributed little to global emissions, they now bear the brunt of the climate crisis — and therefore deserve compensation from a big carbon emitter like Holcim. “The cement industry is responsible for about 8 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions, more than double those from flying or shipping,” reports Deutsche Welle.

The islanders’ case against the cement group is part of a growing movement. “Climate litigation has ballooned in recent years as individuals and activists have sought to hold polluters to account, or force governments and companies to make greater efforts at emissions reduction,” reports Financial Times. The publication notes that climate-related litigation “is increasingly centered on questions of human rights.”

The island’s 1,500 residents live close to nature, depending mostly on fishing and actively protecting corals and mangroves. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, they welcomed more than 1,000 tourists every month to its beautiful beaches. The island’s popularity led the Indonesian government to declare Pari one of the “ten new Balis.”

However, extreme flooding and rising sea levels threaten their livelihoods and the very existence of the low-lying island. These events have decimated fishing hauls, kept tourists away, and destroyed many homes. Environmental groups say 11 percent of Pari island has already been submerged over the last decade and that by 2050, most of it will be underwater, reports Al Jazeera.

The Pari islanders seek a total of US$16,000, or about $4,000 each. The amount has been calculated as proportional to the company’s contribution to overall climate damage. If they are awarded the damages, the case would set a groundbreaking precedent that a corporation could be held liable for its contributions to global climate change.

The Indonesians also demand that Holcim reduce its carbon dioxide emissions by 43 percent by 2030.
February 6, 2023
February 6, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Hong Kong’s long-simmering housing crisis; corruption’s vicious cycle; the ban barring Afghanistan women from giving lifesaving support to people in dire need of aid; and a tiny Indonesian island’s battle against a huge carbon-emitting cement maker.

December 12, 2022
December 12, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a railway that has brought few benefits to poor Laotians; why Pakistan’s coal mines are some of the most dangerous in the world; Hong Kong’s refugees in limbo; and the forced labor that taints the global auto supply chain.

December 5, 2022
December 5, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the persons with disabilities worldwide who are being left behind; the disinformation hampering polio vaccination in Indonesia and Pakistan; an opportunity for Sri Lanka’s women caught in twin crises; and the torture being inflicted on transgenders in Singapore and Japan.

November 28, 2022
November 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Apple’s albatross; an unfolding catastrophe for Afghan children; the new UN treaty to end the age of pernicious plastics; and the good news for Singapore’s gig workers.

November 21, 2022
November 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the youth from the Global South who made the most of their seat at the table at COP27; the Thai police who show zero tolerance for peaceful protests; the attacks on press freedom in South Korea; and the too-few Nepali women in the political arena.

November 14, 2022
November 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Philippines’ human rights in the spotlight; the modern slaves behind football’s biggest party; the harmful practice endured by women and girls in Asia; and the new mandatory disclosures that can close the gender pay gap in Japan.

November 7, 2022
November 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the shocking impunity of murderers of media workers; Pyongyang’s record-breaking missile barrage; a call to starve Myanmar’s military junta of fuel for its deadly air attacks; and the landmark ruling that banned a traumatic test in India.

October 31, 2022
October 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the return of a global killer; the appalling forced deportations in Malaysia and Thailand; China’s worldwide network of illegal police stations; and the future of farming in Bangladesh.

October 17, 2022
October 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for LGBTQ rights in Japan; a neglected epidemic in Cambodia; the countries in Asia that cling to the death penalty; and hope for mental health sufferers in India.

October 10, 2022
October 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the false narrative that endangers transgenders in Pakistan; why Indonesia is one of the most dangerous countries in which to attend a football game; education under attack in Asia; and the foiled debate on China’s widespread human rights abuses in Xinjiang.

October 3, 2022
October 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the construction workers in Hong Kong who are dying on the job; the South Asian country where many ferry passengers risk drowning and death; the human rights defenders who risk reprisals; and a sweet victory for an under-supported changemaker in the Philippines.

September 26, 2022
September 26, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: sobering statistics about women’s lives on the brink; the country where women are stalked and killed; a blocked citizenship law in Nepal; and the faint silver lining in Myanmar’s humanitarian crisis.

September 19, 2022
September 19, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the global rise in forced marriages; the risks brought about by digital identity systems such as India’s Aadhar; the Southeast Asian country that doesn’t deserve a seat in the UN Human Rights Council; and a ray of hope for foreigners detained in Japan’s immigration centers.

September 12, 2022
September 12, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the alarming spike in house arrests under Chinese President Xi Jinping’s rule; the community at risk of genocide in Afghanistan; the millions deprived of the right to read; and Cambodia’s learning gardens.

September 5, 2022
September 5, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how extreme heat has led to occupational safety lapses worldwide; how North Korea used the coronavirus to increasingly repress the rights of its people; the weaponization of Sri Lanka’s Prevention of Terrorism Act against peaceful protesters; and Thailand’s innovative approach to curb teenage pregnancy.

August 29, 2022
August 29, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the real roadblocks to fair COVID-19 vaccine distribution; the first step to ending torture in Pakistan; a bittersweet victory for Singapore’s LGBT activists; and the campaign to combat China’s disinformation in Taiwan.

August 22, 2022
August 22, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: China’s chilling psywar tactic; the lowest-paid workers in Bangladesh; Cambodia’s ground zero for human trafficking; and why FIFA and Qatar owe abused migrant workers US$440 million in reparations.

August 15, 2022
August 15, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Indonesia’s repressive hijab rules; the plight of Seoul’s basement dwellers; the Afghan evacuees trapped by red tape; and the crucial role of Indigenous women as keepers of knowledge.

August 8, 2022
August 8, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a setback in Malaysian mothers’ campaign against an unequal citizenship law; Japan’s flawed program that has become a breeding ground for abuse; the heavy toll of water scarcity in Bangladesh; and the women who eat last and least.

August 1, 2022
August 1, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a discriminatory lockdown in Taiwan; the endless wait for justice for victims of wartime atrocities in Nepal; a new law that is a betrayal of public health in the Philippines; and alarming news about the other deadly virus.

July 25, 2022
July 25, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a “zero click” Trojan horse attacking the phones of Thai activists; the heavy-handed tactics of Sri Lanka’s new government; the bleak picture for freedom of expression in Asia; and the fresh hell inflicted by Pyongyang on harried North Koreans.

July 18, 2022
July 18, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an app update that may increase state control in Hong Kong; the serious risk to Myanmar’s democracy activists; the depressing news in the World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Report for 2022; and Afghanistan’s secret schools for girls.

July 11, 2022
July 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark ruling against modern slavery; a massive data breach that exposed the personal data of 1 billion Chinese; a faint glimmer of hope for Pakistan’s victims of enforced disappearances; and a contentious Indonesian draft law that would promote — not prevent — rights violations.

July 4, 2022
July 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: India’s travel bans on journalists; South Korea’s bad bosses; Asia’s worst countries for workers in 2022; and a promising uptick in financial inclusion worldwide.

June 27, 2022
June 27, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a historic wage hike for garment workers in Pakistan’s Sindh province; the U.S. law which bans the import of goods made with forced labor from China’s Xinjiang region; the Asian countries that keep their citizens in the dark; and Vietnam’s environmental activists under attack.

June 20, 2022
June 20, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the twin victory of South Korean truckers; the spotty observance of the right of due process in the Philippines; the growing problem of elder abuse; and the burning issue of global warming — and the tools to cool down cities.

June 13, 2022
June 13, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how Mongolia brought digital rights to many citizens’ fingertips; a hidden lockdown for migrant workers in Singapore; the cross-cutting issue of food safety; and Bangladesh’s arbitrary cancellation of the license of a key human rights NGO.

June 6, 2022
June 6, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark settlement for sacked Thai garment workers; an ongoing battle for marriage equality in Taiwan; how attacks on schools worldwide jeopardize the future of children; period poverty and pain.

May 30, 2022
May 30, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the palm oil that is tainted by corporate greed; a law that restricts rape victims in Nepal in their quest for justice; Japan’s controversial training of the Tamadaw; and the shroud of secrecy veiling Asia’s executing countries.

May 23, 2022
May 23, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a shadow pandemic in Thailand; the Taliban’s dissolution of a key human rights body in Afghanistan; the doubtful outcome of the UN rights chief’s Xinjiang visit; and an invasive technology that may turn a lifeline app into a surveillance tool.

May 16, 2022
May 16, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the decades-long struggle for disability rights in South Korea; a minimum wage law that excludes domestic helpers in Malaysia; India’s antiquated and arbitrary sedition law; and the glaring gaps in alcohol marketing regulations that put young people and heavy drinkers at risk.

May 9, 2022
May 9, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the gloomy picture of press freedom in Asia; a heartbreaking polio outbreak in Pakistan; the turning of the tide for a prisoner of conscience in the Philippines; and North Korea’s fashion police.

May 2, 2022
May 2, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the latest setback for a fallen democracy icon in Myanmar; hard-won progress for worker safety in Bangladesh; another nail in the coffin of press freedom in Hong Kong; and the human and environmental costs of sand mining.

April 25, 2022
April 25, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark legal victory for gay soldiers in South Korea; an assault on education and an ethnic community in Afghanistan; the return of an independence leader in Timor-Leste; and ASEAN’s failed five-point consensus on the Myanmar crisis.

April 18, 2022
April 18, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark victory for Indonesian women; Hong Kong’s forgotten elderly; a proposed law that raises fears of a surveillance state in India; and the freedom that is at risk worldwide.

April 11, 2022
April 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Filipina politician who is in the crosshairs of trolls and haters; Sri Lanka’s heavy-handed tactics; a horrifying new discovery about forced organ harvesting in China; and the major global problem of toxic air.

April 4, 2022
April 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: “delayed” justice for street sleepers in Hong Kong; a problematic draft law that could shut down Thailand’s vibrant civil society; India’s appalling apathy toward Rohingya refugees; and the “crucial weakness” in the governance of global health organizations.

March 28, 2022
March 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a watershed moment for lesbian and bisexual women everywhere; the other devastating pandemic; a victory for young voters in Taiwan; and Vietnam’s repressive Article 88.

March 21, 2022
March 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for women’s rights in Bangladesh; Singapore’s addiction to the death penalty; China’s unsafe food and how it threatens the ruling party; and the Qatari dream that has become the migrant workers’ nightmare.

March 14, 2022
March 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: South Korea’s “anti-feminist” president-elect; the tiny Southeast Asian country that is standing up to Russia; a call to end the Taliban’s crackdown on Afghan women’s rights; and the prescription for a full pandemic recovery.

March 7, 2022
March 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: ASEAN’s fence-sitting on the Ukraine crisis; the “shocking abuses” against indigenous Papuans; scant support for the backbone of Hong Kong’s economy; and lessons from an adaptation role model.

February 28, 2022
February 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the misleading marketing of formula milk to women worldwide; the guilty verdict that should be a watershed moment for Pakistan’s women; North Korea’s Supreme Leader’s focus on launching missiles over administering COVID-19 vaccines; and “a historic win” for grassroots activists.

February 21, 2022
February 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the pernicious practice of “red-tagging” in the Philippines; firewall fears in Hong Kong; a crackdown against journalists in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir; and a harmful and unnecessary rite of passage for girls.

February 14, 2022
February 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a horrifying hijab ban in India; an alarming spate of custodial deaths in Malaysia; the bullies hiding behind keyboards in South Korea; and the high toll of Japan’s strict entry ban.

February 7, 2022
February 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the “burner phone Olympics” in Beijing; Myanmar’s annus horribilis; the steep price Sri Lankans are paying for botched schemes; and the mountain of pandemic-induced medical waste that threatens health and the environment.

January 31, 2022
January 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a report that shows how, across the globe, corruption and human rights violations go hand in hand; a “shamelessly scandalous” scheme that threatens media freedom in the Philippines; the living hell of the Afghan LGBT community under Taliban rule; and the “positive endings” Chinese censors impose on Hollywood movies and even a local show.

January 24, 2022
January 24, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an anti-poor “no vaccination, no ride” policy in the Philippines; a “sportswashing opportunity” for China; the bogus charges against a Cambodian opposition leader; and two rays of hope for Pakistan’s women.

January 17, 2022
January 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a cautiously positive report from Human Rights Watch; the math of misogyny in Indonesia; India’s draconian anti-terror law; how Cambodia keeps a lid on dissent; and the fight for the rights of migrant workers in Taiwan.

January 10, 2022
January 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Cambodia’s strongman playing “rogue diplomat”; a welcome ban on child marriage in the Philippines; North Korea’s “boomerang defector”; and the weaponization of technology against Muslim women.

January 3, 2022
January 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a wave of hate speech and violence against India’s religious minorities; press freedom in tatters in Hong Kong; a horrifying Christmas massacre in Myanmar; and how the Taliban have revoked Afghan women’s hard-won rights.

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