Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

October 9, 2023

In this edition, we look at the consequences of the ongoing conflict in both Pakistan and Israel; how a Cambodian court denied three activists the chance to receive a prize for their environmental work; and how China’s censors worked overtime to scrub the internet of a photograph.

Pakistan
Looming eviction
As Pakistan prepares to expel Afghan immigrants over the fresh wave of violence it suffered last week, rights groups urged the South Asian country to reconsider what could potentially be a devastating policy for refugees fleeing the Taliban.

Islamabad blamed Afghanistan-based operatives for the twin suicide blasts that killed at least 50 people on Sept. 29 while they were in places of worship, according to BBC News.

The Taliban urged Islamabad to reconsider its decision to evict Afghan refugees and denied that the displaced people were involved in the host country’s security problems.

More than 1.7 million undocumented Afghans will be affected by this new measure declared by Pakistani Interior Minister Sarfraz Bugti as they must have to leave the country by Nov. 1.

"A forced return to Afghanistan could put them at grave risk," Amnesty International interim South Asia deputy director Nadia Rahman said in a statement on Oct. 4. "We urge Pakistan to continue its historic support for Afghan refugees by enabling them to live with dignity and free from the fear of deportation to Afghanistan where they face persecution by the Taliban," Rahman said.

Since the Taliban swept back into power in Kabul in 2021, at least 3.7 million Afghans have fled to Pakistan, where they were also subjected to arbitrary detentions, arrests, and the threat of deportation. Only 1.4 million Afghan refugees have proof of registration cards, which grant them temporary legal status and freedom of movement in Pakistan. The rest are left with minimal protection from arrest and deportation, according to Refugees International.

The U.N. Refugee Agency (UNHCR) has issued a non-return advisory for Afghans immigrants outside of their home country and calls on states to suspend their forcible return to their homeland.

Bugti claimed that 14 out of the 24 suicide bombings that have rocked Pakistan this year were carried out by Afghan nationals.

No one has yet claimed responsibility for the recent twin bombings, but police suspect the militant Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TPP) was behind the suicide bombings. The TPP revived its extremist activities in the country following full-fledged military operations in 2014 and 2017.

Since the Afghan Taliban regained control of Kabul in 2021, TPP has tried to replicate such success in Islamabad, with analysts saying it has the potential to become the “single largest Islamist affiliate with the capacity to challenge Pakistani military establishments.”
Afghan refugee women and children wait at a medical camp in Quetta in Pakistan's southwestern Balochistan province. (Photo: Shutterstock / SS 360)
Image is not available
Cambodia
Costly defense
In Cambodia, environmental defenders are not giving up their collective fight – even at the cost of their freedoms.

For their work, environmentalists Thon Ratha, 31, Phuong Keo Reaksmey, 22, and Long Khunthea, 25 of Mother Nature Cambodia have landed in jail amid a crackdown by the country’s regime on civil society activism.

On Sept. 28, their organization was named one of this year’s laureates of the prestigious Right Livelihood Award, also dubbed the “Alternative Nobel prize,” which recognizes people and organizations working to solve global problems. The jury chose them for “their fearless and engaging activism to preserve Cambodia’s natural environment in the context of a highly restricted democratic space.”

But on Oct. 2, a Cambodian court prevented the three activists from traveling to Sweden next month to receive the prize for their organization. They are serving suspended prison sentences on charges of incitement to commit a felony after campaigning against the filling in of Phnom Penh lakes.

The award was an affirmation “that we have the right to do activism, we have the right to protect our own country and it is our obligation to do it,” said activist Ly Chandaravuth.

Their plight highlighted the continuing criminalization of environmental defenders, who are seen as the “most targeted” sector of human rights defense, according to a 2022 study by Frontline Defenders. Last year alone, the report said, indigenous and environmental rights defenders accounted for almost half of the 401 death toll of human rights defenders across the world.

Cambodia’s harsh treatment of its environmental defenders gives the lie to former prime minister Hun Sen’s avowed commitment to environmental protection. His son Hun Manet’s succession as the country’s new premier does not bode well for human rights defenders and environmental activists judging from the election campaign remarks he made, which Reuters said were “similar to the vitriol of his father.”
In Cambodia, environmentalism—and by extension, activism—is kept under tight watch by the government, which has a dismal record of going after any form of dissent. (Photo: Shutterstock / BUTENKOV ALEKSEI)
Image is not available
China
Image is not available
No escaping the censors
Even decades after the Tiananmen Square Massacre, China is still hard at work in suppressing all references, inadvertent or otherwise, to the deadly crackdown.

So when two Chinese female athletes hugged each other at the Asian Games in Hangzhou, capital of China’s Zhejiang province, with their bib numbers – 6 and 4 – shown side by side,   Chinese censors were quick to scrub traces of that scene from social media.

The two women – Lin Yuwei and Wu Yanni – were China’s entrants in the women’s 100m hurdles final, where the former won the gold medal.

Since the massacre, which took place 34 years ago on June 4, 1989, and saw hundreds to possibly thousands of pro-democracy protesters in Beijing shot dead by state troops, discussions of the fateful day – that has since been referred to as 6/4 – remain strictly censored in China, spurring many grassroots initiatives to archive what has been erased.

The Tiananmen erasure is but a small part of China’s broad censorship powers known widely as the “Great Firewall of China,” which is configured into the very backbone of China’s internet. Censors would scrub not only the unpalatable parts of Chinese history but also criticisms of the government under President Xi Jinping.

When censors failed, the government cracked the whip on human rights lawyers, journalists, and activists for their online activities. In April this year, Chinese courts sentenced lawyers Xu Zhiyong to 14 years and Ding Jiaxi to 12 years  for “subversion of state power.”

This and other forms of repression of free speech online is why, for nine straight years, China has been named the world’s worst environment for internet freedom by Freedom House’s annual Freedom on the Net report.
Despite efforts to erase all references to the brutal massacre that happened here 34 years ago, Tiananmen Square in the city center of the capital Beijing remains a potent symbol for the resilience of historical truth. (Photo: Shutterstock / zhang kan)
Global/Regional
Image is not available
Divided over the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
As war breaks out between Israel and Palestinian militant group Hamas, Asia is being put to the test as its citizens are caught in the crossfire and its governments are divided over which country to support in the conflict.

In Southeast Asia alone, for example, ASEAN member-states have responded in different ways shortly after the shock assault by Hamas combatants and jihadists on Israel last Oct. 8. The mostly Muslim nations of Malaysia and Indonesia, for example, have spoken in favor of Palestinians; Singapore has condemned Hamas’ terror acts.

Meanwhile, Thailand and the Philippines have been mostly focused on saving their nationals who were reportedly abducted and brought into Gaza by Hamas.

All eyes are also on regional superpowers China and India, who both have chosen different sides. China for its part said months ago that it supported Palestine’s struggle for statehood. And while its official response to the conflict has largely been muted, an editorial on the Chinese Communist Party-affiliated tabloid Global Times blamed the U.S. for “abandoning justice by supporting Israel in its conflict with Palestine and condoning Israel's behaviors, which eventually led to this tragedy.”

China is referring to what rights groups call Israel’s “illegal occupation” of Palestinian territories since 1967, when it started dispossessing Palestinians of their lands in the West Bank through brute force. Israeli authorities also set up a blockade across Palestinian territories, severely restricting their movement and effectively turning the Gaza Strip, home to 2.3 million people, into the “world’s largest open-air prison.”

These brutal conditions radicalized some Palestinian factions and led to the creation of Hamas, a militant organization intent on regaining statehood for Palestine through violence.

Meanwhile, India has publicly thrown its support behind Israel despite having been the first non-Arab nation to recognize Palestine. Analysts see this as a major breakthrough as India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi resisted Western pressure to condemn Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
A Palestinian demonstrator throws rocks during a violent protest in the West Bank last May 15, 2021, one of many such protests in the past decades as they struggle to reclaim a part of their former land. (Photo: Shutterstock / abu adel - photo)
October 9, 2023
October 9, 2023

In this edition, we look at the consequences of the ongoing conflict in both Pakistan and Israel; how a Cambodian court denied three activists the chance to receive a prize for their environmental work; and how China's censors worked overtime to scrub the internet of a photograph.

October 2, 2023
October 2, 2023

This week, we look at the rise of anti-Muslim hate speech in India in the first half of the year; a “cult” in the Philippines that was revealed to have been victimizing young girls; the lifting of a ban on anti-Pyongyang propaganda for its unconstitutional restriction on free speech; and how human rights defenders across the world are facing reprisals for working with the U.N.

September 25, 2023
September 25, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at free speech in Southeast Asia, a gender equality quota in India’s house, the lese majeste law in Thailand, and the enduring effects of the Beijing-sponsored National Security Law in Hong Kong.

September 18, 2023
September 18, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at Taiwan’s housing crisis, the ASEAN Air Chiefs Conference in Myanmar, freedom of information in Malaysia, and the questionable appointment practices of Pakistan’s caretaker government.

September 11, 2023
September 11, 2023

This week, we look at domestic worker rights in Macao, potential government complicity in Sri Lanka’s Easter bombings, ramping school surveillance in the Philippines, and China’s continued protest against the release of Fukushima wastewater.

September 4, 2023
September 4, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the upcoming G20 meeting, South Asia’s rapid descent into surveillance, starvation and secrecy in North Korea, and Hun Sen’s triumphant return to Facebook despite having demonstrably violated its policies.

August 28, 2023
August 28, 2023

In this edition, we will look at mounting anti-Christian violence in India and Pakistan, Hong Kong’s crackdown on artistic expression, the roster of Presidential candidates in Singapore, and the enduring problem of human trafficking in India.

August 21, 2023
August 21, 2023

In this week’s edition, we are looking at Taiwan’s weak cybersecurity, the state of disability equality in Nepal, Cambodia’s pro-business courts, and the challenges that humanitarian workers worldwide endure in the performance of their duties.

August 14, 2023
August 14, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at China’s belligerence in the South China Sea, South Korea’s growing mental health problem, the Myanmar junta’s crimes against humanity, and the imminent implementation of Sharia law in Afghanistan.

August 7, 2023
August 7, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at China’s newest round of internet restrictions, Pakistan kowtowing to the IMF’s demands, the Sedition Act in Malaysia, and the climate injustice drowning large swathes of Asia.

July 31, 2023
July 31, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at youth extremism in Singapore, child sexual exploitation in Taiwan, Sri Lanka’s 40th year commemorations for Black July, and North Korea’s first foreign guest since the pandemic.

July 24, 2023
July 24, 2023

This week, we are looking at Cambodia’s sham elections, growing anti-trans hate in Japan, the royalist barrier stemming Thailand’s progressive wave, and Bangladesh’s worsening economic crisis.

July 17, 2023
July 17, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the precarious situation in Myanmar, India’s achievements against poverty, Hong Kong’s ongoing crackdown on dissent, and the state of population control across Asia.

July 10, 2023
July 10, 2023

In this edition, we look at domestic violence in South Korea, the deteriorating peace situation in Sri Lanka, Cambodia’s vindictive ban on Meta’s Oversight Board members, and Japan’s plan to dump treated radioactive water from the Fukushima incident into the Pacific Ocean.

July 3, 2023
July 3, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at Laos’s environmental laws, the Philippines’ online casino-related human trafficking problem, Nepal’s recent ruling on same-sex marriage, and China’s new “education initiative” to sway public opinion toward reunification.

June 26, 2023
June 26, 2023

In this edition, we look at the ongoing U.N. Human Rights Council’s regular session, jail overcrowding in the Philippines, the formidable force of conservativism in Hong Kong, and online child sexual abuse in India.

June 19, 2023
June 19, 2023

In this edition, we look at Sri Lanka’s tightening grip on the media, Thailand’s growing tension with the throne, the dire state of migrant workers in Southeast Asia, and Japan’s dark history of eugenics.

June 12, 2023
June 12, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at North Korea’s spiking suicide rate, Russia-China military drills, Afghanistan’s enduring and ironic dependence on international aid, and Vietnam’s energy crisis.

June 5, 2023
June 5, 2023

In this edition, we look at Pakistan’s tense negotiations with the International Monetary Fund, Indonesia’s crackdown on online speech, and China’s youth unemployment problem and unwillingness to engage in level-headed discussions over security matters in the region.

May 29, 2023
May 29, 2023

In this edition, we look at a contentious land use bill in the Philippines, a new mobile device management policy in Nepal, the growing support for gender equality in Taiwan, and what Thailand’s new progressive government might mean for Myanmar.

May 22, 2023
May 22, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the human rights agenda at the G7 Summit in Hiroshima, the commemoration of the Gwangju uprising’s 43rd anniversary, skyrocketing drug prices in South Asia, and the sex abuse case that shook Singapore to its core.

May 15, 2023
May 15, 2023

In this edition, we look at two oppressive detention policies in Northeast Asia: China’s unyielding arrest of foreign journalists and Japan’s harsh policies for immigrants. We also look at Thailand’s lese-majeste law in the context of its elections and Pakistan’s widespread internet shutdown.

May 8, 2023
May 8, 2023

In this edition, we look at the dire state of press freedom in Southeast Asia, a bubbling conflict between healthcare workers in South Korea, the dengue problem swarming South Asia, and Indonesia’s measures against the impending COVID-19 surge.

May 1, 2023
May 1, 2023

In this edition, we look at Singapore’s overly harsh approach to cannabis as the death penalty for drug-related offenses remains firmly in place, the political convenience of gender equality in India, the continued shrinking of civic space in Hong Kong, and the U.S.’s increased military presence in Asia, keeping tight tabs on its authoritarian adversary.

April 24, 2023
April 24, 2023

In this edition, we will look at the Philippines’ education crisis, Pakistan’s political turmoil, the United Nations’ impending withdrawal from Afghanistan, and the continued and fraught push for marriage equality in Japan.

April 17, 2023
April 17, 2023

In this edition, we look at the environmental crises sweeping through Southeast Asia, another Covid-19 outbreak threatening South Asia, a bird flu death in China, and the bloody consequences of an apathetic international community, alongside powerful benefactors, abetting amid the unyielding violence and tyranny of Myanmar’s junta.

March 20, 2023
March 20, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the sad truth about health staffing shortages; the impossible choice faced by the Rohingya in Bangladesh; Vietnam’s repressive Article 331; and the challenges of exposing Uyghur forced labor in supply chains.

March 13, 2023
March 13, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the few bright spots for democracy in Asia; the Northeast Asian country where feminism is a dirty word; the country known as the internet shutdown capital of the world; and a symbolic victory for World War II sex slaves in the Philippines.

February 27, 2023
February 27, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Asia’s deadliest place for a woman to be a mother; Japan’s antiquated age of consent law; a hidden danger in Northeast Asia; and a sweet victory for people-oriented mobility in the Philippines.

February 20, 2023
February 20, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an uphill battle against a stigmatizing disease in Bangladesh; the threat multiplier of rising sea levels; a heavy-handed attempt to silence an independent media outlet in Cambodia; and a landmark victory for trans men in Hong Kong.

February 13, 2023
February 13, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: forced assimilation in the guise of education in Tibet; the women-only buses in Karachi, Pakistan; the need to make the internet safer for children; and the Malaysian manufacturers reaping the rewards of responsible business.

February 6, 2023
February 6, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Hong Kong’s long-simmering housing crisis; corruption’s vicious cycle; the ban barring Afghanistan women from giving lifesaving support to people in dire need of aid; and a tiny Indonesian island’s battle against a huge carbon-emitting cement maker.

December 12, 2022
December 12, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a railway that has brought few benefits to poor Laotians; why Pakistan’s coal mines are some of the most dangerous in the world; Hong Kong’s refugees in limbo; and the forced labor that taints the global auto supply chain.

December 5, 2022
December 5, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the persons with disabilities worldwide who are being left behind; the disinformation hampering polio vaccination in Indonesia and Pakistan; an opportunity for Sri Lanka’s women caught in twin crises; and the torture being inflicted on transgenders in Singapore and Japan.

November 28, 2022
November 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Apple’s albatross; an unfolding catastrophe for Afghan children; the new UN treaty to end the age of pernicious plastics; and the good news for Singapore’s gig workers.

November 21, 2022
November 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the youth from the Global South who made the most of their seat at the table at COP27; the Thai police who show zero tolerance for peaceful protests; the attacks on press freedom in South Korea; and the too-few Nepali women in the political arena.

November 14, 2022
November 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Philippines’ human rights in the spotlight; the modern slaves behind football’s biggest party; the harmful practice endured by women and girls in Asia; and the new mandatory disclosures that can close the gender pay gap in Japan.

November 7, 2022
November 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the shocking impunity of murderers of media workers; Pyongyang’s record-breaking missile barrage; a call to starve Myanmar’s military junta of fuel for its deadly air attacks; and the landmark ruling that banned a traumatic test in India.

October 31, 2022
October 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the return of a global killer; the appalling forced deportations in Malaysia and Thailand; China’s worldwide network of illegal police stations; and the future of farming in Bangladesh.

October 17, 2022
October 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for LGBTQ rights in Japan; a neglected epidemic in Cambodia; the countries in Asia that cling to the death penalty; and hope for mental health sufferers in India.

October 10, 2022
October 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the false narrative that endangers transgenders in Pakistan; why Indonesia is one of the most dangerous countries in which to attend a football game; education under attack in Asia; and the foiled debate on China’s widespread human rights abuses in Xinjiang.

October 3, 2022
October 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the construction workers in Hong Kong who are dying on the job; the South Asian country where many ferry passengers risk drowning and death; the human rights defenders who risk reprisals; and a sweet victory for an under-supported changemaker in the Philippines.

previous arrow
next arrow