The ice and snow of the majestic Hindu Kush Himalayas mountain range — which stretches over 3,500 kilometers and across central and southern Asia — provides freshwater to almost a quarter of the world’s population. However, climate change is causing its glaciers to melt at an unprecedented rate, which could imperil the lives of the nearly 2 billion people that depend on it.
This is the crisis that the Kathmandu-based
International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) wants to bring to the world’s attention ahead of the upcoming 28th U.N. Climate Change Conference (COP28). ICIMOD expressed hope that the recent spate of disasters in the region could spur the world’s governments to acknowledge the “uniqueness and the vulnerability of the region" to global warming.
Just this month alone, a flash flood
triggered by a glacial lake outburst killed 77 people in the Indian state of Sikkim. In 2020, in Pakistan’s Chitral village, a teenage girl was killed and 11 people injured
when a glacial flood swept away six houses, damaging 16 others.
“Now is the only window of opportunity for us to take firm and immediate, urgent actions,” Pema Gyamtsho, ICIMOD director general,
told South China Morning Post. “Science must influence policymakers with the urgency that the actions need to be taken at a pace and scale that is probably unprecedented in the past.”
But beyond global summits, Gyamtsho is hoping that the countries traversed by the mountain range do “regional-level COPs” to collaborate on transboundary environmental issues.
This would be no small feat, especially considering the tensions between the countries straddling the mountain range. A 2021 assessment by the Stockholm Environment Institute found that despite a 2018 pact between India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan to
set up the Hindu Kush Himalaya Glaciers and Mountain Economy Network, transboundary and cross-border cooperation on disaster risk reduction in the region remains limited.
Early-warning systems are also still lacking, with only three such systems set up in the region: two in Nepal, and none operating across borders, the Stockholm
institute said.