Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

July 31, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at youth extremism in Singapore, child sexual exploitation in Taiwan, Sri Lanka’s 40th year commemorations for Black July, and North Korea’s first foreign guest since the pandemic.

Read below for more.

Taiwan
No legal protections
Trigger warning: mentions of sexual abuse

Taiwan has entered its summer season, which means that school is out and children are on vacation.

Left without much else to do at home, many students have started to look for part-time jobs to preoccupy themselves with – while also earning some pocket money for themselves.

This, however, puts them at risk of fraudulent and predatory parties. Last week, Taipei police warned the young jobseekers, particularly girls and women, to put their physical safety first and ask friends or families to accompany them to interviews, to ensure that they are not putting themselves in harm’s way.

Taiwan has strong legal safeguards in place meant to prevent these types of incidents. For instance, its Child and Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Act requires several government agencies and educational institutions to implement adequate measures – such as campaigns, rescue and protection forces, and dedicated personnel and offices – to ensure that such violations are minimized.

Its implementation, however, has so far fallen below adequate levels. In February, children’s rights group ECPAT Taiwan said that they flagged, on average, five cases of online child sexual exploitation per day and that nearly 8,000 such cases were reported in 2022.

Even law enforcement themselves have put children at risk of sexual exploitation. Last week, two police offers were put under investigation after it came to light that they used a 13-year-old girl in a botched investigation that ended in her being sexually assaulted by a man who they were looking into.

Making the situation worse is Taiwan’s continued exclusion from the U.N., preventing the Northeast Asian nation from ratifying the Convention on the Rights of the Child and its associated protocols, enacted, according to ECPAT. While Taiwan implemented in November 2014 legislation that mirrored the Convention’s provisions, having no strong binding international obligation has hamstrung its efforts to provide more systemic and robust protections for children.

For instance, Taiwan was only able to launch its first-ever baseline study on the institutional roots of child sexual abuse in June 2022. This has yet to bear results and Taiwan still has no clear grasp on the status of important indicators, including age of consent, national commitments, or even unform definitions for several domains of child sexual abuse.
Image is not available
Sri Lanka
Looking back at Black July
Trigger warning: sexual abuse and suicide

Forty years ago, on July 23, 1983, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam ambushed the Sri Lankan military, killing 13 soldiers.

Tensions had reached a boiling point between the Sri Lankan military and the Tamil resistance movement, following months of state-sponsored violence and oppression against the racial minority group. Just one day before the LTTE’s offensive, for example, state forces took three Tamil girls and sexually assaulted them, leading one to take her own life.

The days that followed were marked by astounding violence against Tamils – a grossly disproportionate revenge plot orchestrated by state forces. All told, at least 3,000 Tamils were killed, mostly in Colombo, and more than 100,000 displaced. PEARL, a grassroots human rights organization in Sri Lanka, calls the Black July killings a genocide.

Four decades after, no one has yet been held accountable for the massacre and justice continues to elude the families of victims. Instead, the government has chosen to clamp down on the yearly commemorations for Black July. During last week’s public demonstrations, for example, authorities sent heavily armed troops, which outnumbered the protesters, according to The Straits Times, which also reported that an AFP journalist saw the armed forces “kicking and stomping on oil lamps placed along the pavement just outside the cemetery.”

This type of prejudiced repression, unfortunately, is nothing new for Sri Lanka, where racial and religious discrimination run rampant.

In April 2019, a series of suicide bombings hit three churches and three luxury hotels across the country, killing nearly 270 people. The incident would later be infamously known as the Easter bombings and, while they were eventually linked to the terrorist group ISIS, sparked massive anti-Muslim hate in Sri Lanka.

Two years later, in March 2021, the South Asian island nation imposed a burqa ban, calling it a sign of religious extremism and a threat to national security. The government also moved to close over 1,000 Islamic schools, alleging that they were in violation of national education policies.
Image is not available
Singapore
Image is not available
Youth radicalism rears its head
Last week, Singapore’s Internal Security Department released its yearly Terrorism Threat Assessment Report, which found that self-radicalism, particularly among the youth, is a growing problem for the city-state.

After all, the report revealed that of the 49 self-radicalized individuals flagged under the country’s Internal Security Act since 2015, 11 were young people between 15 and 20 years of age. Five of them even harbored plans to carry out terrorist attacks throughout Singapore with easily accessible weapons.

According to the report, external threats – such as the rise of ISIS in the Middle-East, the growing power of Al-Qaeda and its regional collaborator Jemaah Islamiyah, and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine – have all been spreading their influence online, particularly through social media and online games, targeting those already predisposed to extremist thinking.

One such target is a 15-year-old student who in February this year received restriction orders for “terrorism-related activities,” according to a report by Channel News Asia. The seeds of radicalization were first planted in the teenager’s mind last year when he stumbled across a podcast of foreign preacher Ismail Menk.

Eventually, the student had become so brainwashed that he was convinced that non-believers – including Shia and Sufi Muslims as well as non-Muslims – deserved violence.

A month earlier, another teenager had been issued orders by Singapore’s anti-terrorism officials after he had joined several Islamic State-themed servers on the online gaming platform Roblox in November 2020. He was only 14 at the time.

The now-16-year-old student had used Roblox to replicate conflict zones in Syria and conducted himself as an Isis member online, even taking the vow of allegiance to an in-game caliphate leader.

Still, despite these terrorist forces leveraging the internet to spread their radicalizing influence, the UNESCO cautions against excessive restrictions on online speech and expression. In the commissioned report “Youth and Violent Extremism on Social Media,” the international group raises the need to carefully and accurately differentiate between speech that specifically incites harm (discrimination, hostility, and violence), endangers national security, or mobilizes for war; and expression that is not “justifiably restricted” – simply because it’s deemed “offensive,  shocking  or  disturbing”.

“We should not violate legitimate expression ‘just in case’ or in the belief that it is part of an inevitable spectrum of causality that ends in incitement to harm,” says the report.
Global/Regional
Authoritarian alliance resurging
In September 2018, top Chinese official Li Zhanshu, chairman of the standing committee of the National People’s Congress, attended a relatively subdued military event in North Korea, evidence of the enduring amiable relations between the two countries.

Then the pandemic hit. In January 2020, almost as soon as the first few cases of COVID-19 were making headlines in China, North Korea shut its borders and implemented widespread and overly harsh movement restrictions – ostensibly in an attempt to keep the virus out of the country.

These measures severely slowed economic activity in North Korea, sparking massive food shortages and starvation, but also isolated the country even further, cutting it off from one of its few international allies.

Last week, after more than three years, North Korea opened its doors once more to foreign visits and invited a Chinese delegation to participate in the country’s commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Korean War. China’s International Department confirmed the visit and said that the delegation would be led by politburo member Li Hongzhong, according to NK News.

North Korea had exercised some border flexibility toward China in March, granting “special” entry to Chinese Ambassador Wang Yajun, who assumed the diplomatic post vacated by his predecessor 15 months prior. Unlike Wang’s case, however, which was one-way, the Li-led visit last week included both entry and exit, suggesting that North Korea was further easing up its border restrictions.

Together with Russia, North Korea and China form a strong authoritarian axis in the region that stands opposite the U.S. and other global liberal forces. Therefore, amid strong international pressure and often-crippling economic sanctions from the U.S., North Korea has found a strong trade and military partner in China.

However, Kim Jong Un’s belligerence when it comes to nuclear drills has strained this relationship. In 2017, following one such test, Beijing called on North Korea to suspend its missile tests, while also asking the U.S. and South Korea to suspend its joint drills.

Still, North Korea remains an important ally for China, and its nuclear tests in particular may present an unlikely asset for the Northeast Asian giant. An analysis piece by Foreign Affairs explains that the military drills have kept Japan and South Korea – both staunch U.S. allies – on their toes and have forced them to maintain warm diplomatic ties with Beijing, which in turn they hope would keep a firm grip on Pyongyang.
July 31, 2023
July 31, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at youth extremism in Singapore, child sexual exploitation in Taiwan, Sri Lanka’s 40th year commemorations for Black July, and North Korea’s first foreign guest since the pandemic.

July 17, 2023
July 17, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the precarious situation in Myanmar, India’s achievements against poverty, Hong Kong’s ongoing crackdown on dissent, and the state of population control across Asia.

July 24, 2023
July 24, 2023

This week, we are looking at Cambodia’s sham elections, growing anti-trans hate in Japan, the royalist barrier stemming Thailand’s progressive wave, and Bangladesh’s worsening economic crisis.

July 10, 2023
July 10, 2023

In this edition, we look at domestic violence in South Korea, the deteriorating peace situation in Sri Lanka, Cambodia’s vindictive ban on Meta’s Oversight Board members, and Japan’s plan to dump treated radioactive water from the Fukushima incident into the Pacific Ocean.

July 3, 2023
July 3, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at Laos’s environmental laws, the Philippines’ online casino-related human trafficking problem, Nepal’s recent ruling on same-sex marriage, and China’s new “education initiative” to sway public opinion toward reunification.

June 26, 2023
June 26, 2023

In this edition, we look at the ongoing U.N. Human Rights Council’s regular session, jail overcrowding in the Philippines, the formidable force of conservativism in Hong Kong, and online child sexual abuse in India.

June 19, 2023
June 19, 2023

In this edition, we look at Sri Lanka’s tightening grip on the media, Thailand’s growing tension with the throne, the dire state of migrant workers in Southeast Asia, and Japan’s dark history of eugenics.

June 12, 2023
June 12, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at North Korea’s spiking suicide rate, Russia-China military drills, Afghanistan’s enduring and ironic dependence on international aid, and Vietnam’s energy crisis.

June 5, 2023
June 5, 2023

In this edition, we look at Pakistan’s tense negotiations with the International Monetary Fund, Indonesia’s crackdown on online speech, and China’s youth unemployment problem and unwillingness to engage in level-headed discussions over security matters in the region.

May 29, 2023
May 29, 2023

In this edition, we look at a contentious land use bill in the Philippines, a new mobile device management policy in Nepal, the growing support for gender equality in Taiwan, and what Thailand’s new progressive government might mean for Myanmar.

May 22, 2023
May 22, 2023

In this week’s edition, we look at the human rights agenda at the G7 Summit in Hiroshima, the commemoration of the Gwangju uprising’s 43rd anniversary, skyrocketing drug prices in South Asia, and the sex abuse case that shook Singapore to its core.

May 15, 2023
May 15, 2023

In this edition, we look at two oppressive detention policies in Northeast Asia: China’s unyielding arrest of foreign journalists and Japan’s harsh policies for immigrants. We also look at Thailand’s lese-majeste law in the context of its elections and Pakistan’s widespread internet shutdown.

May 8, 2023
May 8, 2023

In this edition, we look at the dire state of press freedom in Southeast Asia, a bubbling conflict between healthcare workers in South Korea, the dengue problem swarming South Asia, and Indonesia’s measures against the impending COVID-19 surge.

May 1, 2023
May 1, 2023

In this edition, we look at Singapore’s overly harsh approach to cannabis as the death penalty for drug-related offenses remains firmly in place, the political convenience of gender equality in India, the continued shrinking of civic space in Hong Kong, and the U.S.’s increased military presence in Asia, keeping tight tabs on its authoritarian adversary.

April 24, 2023
April 24, 2023

In this edition, we will look at the Philippines’ education crisis, Pakistan’s political turmoil, the United Nations’ impending withdrawal from Afghanistan, and the continued and fraught push for marriage equality in Japan.

April 17, 2023
April 17, 2023

In this edition, we look at the environmental crises sweeping through Southeast Asia, another Covid-19 outbreak threatening South Asia, a bird flu death in China, and the bloody consequences of an apathetic international community, alongside powerful benefactors, abetting amid the unyielding violence and tyranny of Myanmar’s junta.

March 20, 2023
March 20, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the sad truth about health staffing shortages; the impossible choice faced by the Rohingya in Bangladesh; Vietnam’s repressive Article 331; and the challenges of exposing Uyghur forced labor in supply chains.

March 13, 2023
March 13, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the few bright spots for democracy in Asia; the Northeast Asian country where feminism is a dirty word; the country known as the internet shutdown capital of the world; and a symbolic victory for World War II sex slaves in the Philippines.

February 27, 2023
February 27, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Asia’s deadliest place for a woman to be a mother; Japan’s antiquated age of consent law; a hidden danger in Northeast Asia; and a sweet victory for people-oriented mobility in the Philippines.

February 20, 2023
February 20, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an uphill battle against a stigmatizing disease in Bangladesh; the threat multiplier of rising sea levels; a heavy-handed attempt to silence an independent media outlet in Cambodia; and a landmark victory for trans men in Hong Kong.

February 13, 2023
February 13, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: forced assimilation in the guise of education in Tibet; the women-only buses in Karachi, Pakistan; the need to make the internet safer for children; and the Malaysian manufacturers reaping the rewards of responsible business.

February 6, 2023
February 6, 2023

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Hong Kong’s long-simmering housing crisis; corruption’s vicious cycle; the ban barring Afghanistan women from giving lifesaving support to people in dire need of aid; and a tiny Indonesian island’s battle against a huge carbon-emitting cement maker.

December 12, 2022
December 12, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a railway that has brought few benefits to poor Laotians; why Pakistan’s coal mines are some of the most dangerous in the world; Hong Kong’s refugees in limbo; and the forced labor that taints the global auto supply chain.

December 5, 2022
December 5, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the persons with disabilities worldwide who are being left behind; the disinformation hampering polio vaccination in Indonesia and Pakistan; an opportunity for Sri Lanka’s women caught in twin crises; and the torture being inflicted on transgenders in Singapore and Japan.

November 28, 2022
November 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Apple’s albatross; an unfolding catastrophe for Afghan children; the new UN treaty to end the age of pernicious plastics; and the good news for Singapore’s gig workers.

November 21, 2022
November 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the youth from the Global South who made the most of their seat at the table at COP27; the Thai police who show zero tolerance for peaceful protests; the attacks on press freedom in South Korea; and the too-few Nepali women in the political arena.

November 14, 2022
November 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Philippines’ human rights in the spotlight; the modern slaves behind football’s biggest party; the harmful practice endured by women and girls in Asia; and the new mandatory disclosures that can close the gender pay gap in Japan.

November 7, 2022
November 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the shocking impunity of murderers of media workers; Pyongyang’s record-breaking missile barrage; a call to starve Myanmar’s military junta of fuel for its deadly air attacks; and the landmark ruling that banned a traumatic test in India.

October 31, 2022
October 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the return of a global killer; the appalling forced deportations in Malaysia and Thailand; China’s worldwide network of illegal police stations; and the future of farming in Bangladesh.

October 17, 2022
October 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for LGBTQ rights in Japan; a neglected epidemic in Cambodia; the countries in Asia that cling to the death penalty; and hope for mental health sufferers in India.

October 10, 2022
October 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the false narrative that endangers transgenders in Pakistan; why Indonesia is one of the most dangerous countries in which to attend a football game; education under attack in Asia; and the foiled debate on China’s widespread human rights abuses in Xinjiang.

October 3, 2022
October 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the construction workers in Hong Kong who are dying on the job; the South Asian country where many ferry passengers risk drowning and death; the human rights defenders who risk reprisals; and a sweet victory for an under-supported changemaker in the Philippines.

September 26, 2022
September 26, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: sobering statistics about women’s lives on the brink; the country where women are stalked and killed; a blocked citizenship law in Nepal; and the faint silver lining in Myanmar’s humanitarian crisis.

September 19, 2022
September 19, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the global rise in forced marriages; the risks brought about by digital identity systems such as India’s Aadhar; the Southeast Asian country that doesn’t deserve a seat in the UN Human Rights Council; and a ray of hope for foreigners detained in Japan’s immigration centers.

September 12, 2022
September 12, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the alarming spike in house arrests under Chinese President Xi Jinping’s rule; the community at risk of genocide in Afghanistan; the millions deprived of the right to read; and Cambodia’s learning gardens.

September 5, 2022
September 5, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how extreme heat has led to occupational safety lapses worldwide; how North Korea used the coronavirus to increasingly repress the rights of its people; the weaponization of Sri Lanka’s Prevention of Terrorism Act against peaceful protesters; and Thailand’s innovative approach to curb teenage pregnancy.

August 29, 2022
August 29, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the real roadblocks to fair COVID-19 vaccine distribution; the first step to ending torture in Pakistan; a bittersweet victory for Singapore’s LGBT activists; and the campaign to combat China’s disinformation in Taiwan.

August 22, 2022
August 22, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: China’s chilling psywar tactic; the lowest-paid workers in Bangladesh; Cambodia’s ground zero for human trafficking; and why FIFA and Qatar owe abused migrant workers US$440 million in reparations.

August 15, 2022
August 15, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Indonesia’s repressive hijab rules; the plight of Seoul’s basement dwellers; the Afghan evacuees trapped by red tape; and the crucial role of Indigenous women as keepers of knowledge.

August 8, 2022
August 8, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a setback in Malaysian mothers’ campaign against an unequal citizenship law; Japan’s flawed program that has become a breeding ground for abuse; the heavy toll of water scarcity in Bangladesh; and the women who eat last and least.

August 1, 2022
August 1, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a discriminatory lockdown in Taiwan; the endless wait for justice for victims of wartime atrocities in Nepal; a new law that is a betrayal of public health in the Philippines; and alarming news about the other deadly virus.

July 25, 2022
July 25, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a “zero click” Trojan horse attacking the phones of Thai activists; the heavy-handed tactics of Sri Lanka’s new government; the bleak picture for freedom of expression in Asia; and the fresh hell inflicted by Pyongyang on harried North Koreans.

July 18, 2022
July 18, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an app update that may increase state control in Hong Kong; the serious risk to Myanmar’s democracy activists; the depressing news in the World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Report for 2022; and Afghanistan’s secret schools for girls.

July 11, 2022
July 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark ruling against modern slavery; a massive data breach that exposed the personal data of 1 billion Chinese; a faint glimmer of hope for Pakistan’s victims of enforced disappearances; and a contentious Indonesian draft law that would promote — not prevent — rights violations.

July 4, 2022
July 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: India’s travel bans on journalists; South Korea’s bad bosses; Asia’s worst countries for workers in 2022; and a promising uptick in financial inclusion worldwide.

previous arrow
next arrow