Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

May 9, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the gloomy picture of press freedom in Asia; a heartbreaking polio outbreak in Pakistan; the turning of the tide for a prisoner of conscience in the Philippines; and North Korea’s fashion police.

Regional
An unsurprising slide for press freedom in Asia
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]T[/dropcap]he Reporters Without Borders (RSF) World Press Freedom Index 2022 paints a gloomy picture of press freedom in Asia. The Paris-based global watchdog published the report, which assesses the state of journalism in 180 countries and territories, on May 3, World Press Freedom Day.

Hong Kong was once a bastion of press freedom in Asia. But the Chinese territory has plunged to 148th place — a drop of 68 places in a single year — in the 2022 index.

"It is the biggest downfall of the year, but it is fully deserved due to the consistent attacks on freedom of the press and the slow disappearance of the rule of law in Hong Kong," Cedric Alviani, head of RSF's Taiwan-based East Asia bureau, told AFP.

Alviani said authorities initially used the national security law in 2020 to pursue political opponents. However, throughout 2021 it was increasingly wielded against local media. Journalists and publishers have been jailed for violating the sweeping law.

Three Asian countries — Myanmar (176th), China (177th), and North Korea (180th) — are among the world’s 10 worst countries for press freedom. Myanmar’s ranking dropped 36 notches from the previous index. RSF says “the February 2021 coup d’état set press freedom back by 10 years.”

It notes that China is the world’s largest jailer of journalists, with more than 120 currently detained. In North Korea, the Korean Central News Agency, Pyongyang’s official mouthpiece, is the only permitted news source for the country’s media.

RSF’s Index reveals a two-fold increase in polarization amplified by information chaos: media polarization fueling divisions within countries, as well as polarization between countries at the international level.

All is not doom and gloom, though. Timor-Leste, an outlier, ranked a remarkable 17th, ahead of established democracies including Canada, Australia, and the United States. “A relatively free press has played an important role in the consolidation of the country’s young democratic system since its independence in 2002,” notes The Diplomat. No journalist has ever been jailed in connection with their work in Timor-Leste, says RSF.
A sharp descent for Hong Kong, a ray of hope in Timor-Leste
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Pakistan
A heartbreaking outbreak
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]P[/dropcap]akistan’s dream of becoming a polio-free country turned to ashes in April. After 15 months of no reported cases, a baby boy and a 2-year-old girl were confirmed last month to be paralyzed by the wild poliovirus, reports Outbreak News Today.

Both children are from North Waziristan, Southern Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, a mountainous region bordering Afghanistan, according to a government press release. The country’s polio program had identified Southern Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa “as the area most at risk after wild poliovirus was detected in environmental samples in the last quarter of 2021.”

At the coalface of the country’s fight against polio are volunteers and low-paid women like Saima Hanif, who works in North Waziristan, reports The Guardian. Hanif and her peers risk their lives to do their job. Female vaccinators — and the police who were guarding them — have lost their lives in delivering the vaccines to children in hard-to-reach areas.

Last March, gunmen in the city of Peshawar shot and killed a female polio worker, according to an AP report. No one has claimed the attack. However, militants have falsely claimed that “the vaccination campaigns are a Western conspiracy to sterilize children.” They often target polio workers and police assigned to protect them.

The myths surrounding the polio vaccine are another challenge faced by the vaccinators. Many parents refuse to have their kids vaccinated because “it is not allowed by Islam,” Hanif tells The Guardian. “Some even say things like, ‘my child has stopped praying since you last administered polio drops.’”

Pakistan remains one of only two polio-endemic countries along with Afghanistan. Eliminating the infectious and debilitating disease is key to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3: “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all, at all ages.”
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Philippines
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‘True Leila’: Prisoner of conscience
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]F[/dropcap]or five long years, Senator Leila de Lima, longtime critic of President Rodrigo Duterte’s “war on drugs,” has been in jail on charges alleging that she received money from drug lords while serving as justice secretary. De Lima and her supporters, including international right groups, have decried the charges as false and politically motivated.

Finally, the truth is coming out for the prisoner of conscience. Recently, two key witnesses in the Philippine government’s case against her retracted their testimonies.

One witness, a former corrections chief, says his testimony that he delivered money from drug lords to de Lima was false. He claims that Duterte’s former justice secretary had “coerced“ him into testifying against the senator. The other witness — a “self-confessed drug lord,” according to BusinessWorld — says the police had coerced him into testifying against the senator.

The retractions show that de Lima is a victim of retaliation. The former chair of the Commission on Human Rights incurred Duterte’s ire for launching the 2009 investigation of the so-called Davao Death Squad. The investigation implicated Duterte, who was then mayor of Davao City in southern Philippines.

Duterte later vowed to “destroy” de Lima. During his administration, she endured misogynistic attacks and an extensive disinformation campaign. The opposition senator launched a fact-checking website called "True Leila Project" to combat the lies against her.

The sitting senator has been deprived of the use of a computer, cell phone, the Internet, or any other electronic device to communicate with others while in detention. But this hasn’t stopped de Lima from filing over 600 bills and resolutions in the senate. De Lima authored the law on the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program, which gives conditional cash grants to the poorest Filipino families.

She is running for re-election in today’s national and local elections. Whether de Lima wins or loses, she vows to go after her oppressors once she’s free. “There has to be justice. There has to be accountability,” she says in an interview with Rappler.

Human Rights Watch called for the immediate dropping of the charges against de Lima and her release from custody.
North Korea
The state as fashion police
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]C[/dropcap]hoosing one’s clothes should be a straightforward affair. Across the globe, many people usually just consider the weather and their mood in selecting the outfit of the day.

Not so in North Korea, one of the most repressive countries in the world. North Koreans who wear clothes and sport hairstyles that are not on the "approved" list do so at their own peril. They risk detention, beatings and even, in some cases, jail time, reports Deutsche Welle.

The Hermit Kingdom has launched a campaign against citizens who wear clothes or sport haircuts that are seen as reflective of “capitalist” pop culture. The authorities have filmed young women wearing tight pants or dyeing their hair and branded them “capitalist delinquents,” reports Seoul-based news outlet Daily NK. In the video, the women are described as having “impure ideology.”

According to Daily NK, the Socialist Patriotic Youth League has been using the footage for propaganda lectures in Chongjin, North Korea’s industrial heartland. The lectures reportedly include the statement that adhering to “uniform” fashion is “directly connected to the future of the motherland.”

The regime’s ban on tight pants and fancy haircuts is the latest move in its war against any kind of foreign influence. Last year, a sweeping “thought law” gave the authorities the power to crack down on what they consider foreign haircuts, fashion, and slang. Adults caught with CDs or USBs from abroad are being executed, reports Deutsche Welle. Children caught watching South Korean videos have been sent to re-education camps, reports Daily NK.

Supreme Leader Kim Jong-Un has referred to foreign speech, hairstyles, and clothes as "dangerous poisons," reports the BBC. Ironically, he has shown a fondness for Western clothing. In March, he was seen wearing a dapper leather jacket and slick sunglasses as he inspected a rocket side facility. In 2018, he traded his Mao suit for a Western-style suit in his New Year's Day address.
May 9, 2022
May 9, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the gloomy picture of press freedom in Asia; a heartbreaking polio outbreak in Pakistan; the turning of the tide for a prisoner of conscience in the Philippines; and North Korea’s fashion police.

May 2, 2022
May 2, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the latest setback for a fallen democracy icon in Myanmar; hard-won progress for worker safety in Bangladesh; another nail in the coffin of press freedom in Hong Kong; and the human and environmental costs of sand mining.

April 25, 2022
April 25, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark legal victory for gay soldiers in South Korea; an assault on education and an ethnic community in Afghanistan; the return of an independence leader in Timor-Leste; and ASEAN’s failed five-point consensus on the Myanmar crisis.

April 18, 2022
April 18, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark victory for Indonesian women; Hong Kong’s forgotten elderly; a proposed law that raises fears of a surveillance state in India; and the freedom that is at risk worldwide.

April 11, 2022
April 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Filipina politician who is in the crosshairs of trolls and haters; Sri Lanka’s heavy-handed tactics; a horrifying new discovery about forced organ harvesting in China; and the major global problem of toxic air.

April 4, 2022
April 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: “delayed” justice for street sleepers in Hong Kong; a problematic draft law that could shut down Thailand’s vibrant civil society; India’s appalling apathy toward Rohingya refugees; and the “crucial weakness” in the governance of global health organizations.

March 28, 2022
March 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a watershed moment for lesbian and bisexual women everywhere; the other devastating pandemic; a victory for young voters in Taiwan; and Vietnam’s repressive Article 88.

March 21, 2022
March 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for women’s rights in Bangladesh; Singapore’s addiction to the death penalty; China’s unsafe food and how it threatens the ruling party; and the Qatari dream that has become the migrant workers’ nightmare.

March 14, 2022
March 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: South Korea’s “anti-feminist” president-elect; the tiny Southeast Asian country that is standing up to Russia; a call to end the Taliban’s crackdown on Afghan women’s rights; and the prescription for a full pandemic recovery.

March 7, 2022
March 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: ASEAN’s fence-sitting on the Ukraine crisis; the “shocking abuses” against indigenous Papuans; scant support for the backbone of Hong Kong’s economy; and lessons from an adaptation role model.

February 28, 2022
February 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the misleading marketing of formula milk to women worldwide; the guilty verdict that should be a watershed moment for Pakistan’s women; North Korea’s Supreme Leader’s focus on launching missiles over administering COVID-19 vaccines; and “a historic win” for grassroots activists.

February 21, 2022
February 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the pernicious practice of “red-tagging” in the Philippines; firewall fears in Hong Kong; a crackdown against journalists in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir; and a harmful and unnecessary rite of passage for girls.

February 14, 2022
February 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a horrifying hijab ban in India; an alarming spate of custodial deaths in Malaysia; the bullies hiding behind keyboards in South Korea; and the high toll of Japan’s strict entry ban.

February 7, 2022
February 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the “burner phone Olympics” in Beijing; Myanmar’s annus horribilis; the steep price Sri Lankans are paying for botched schemes; and the mountain of pandemic-induced medical waste that threatens health and the environment.

January 31, 2022
January 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a report that shows how, across the globe, corruption and human rights violations go hand in hand; a “shamelessly scandalous” scheme that threatens media freedom in the Philippines; the living hell of the Afghan LGBT community under Taliban rule; and the “positive endings” Chinese censors impose on Hollywood movies and even a local show.

January 24, 2022
January 24, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an anti-poor “no vaccination, no ride” policy in the Philippines; a “sportswashing opportunity” for China; the bogus charges against a Cambodian opposition leader; and two rays of hope for Pakistan’s women.

January 17, 2022
January 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a cautiously positive report from Human Rights Watch; the math of misogyny in Indonesia; India’s draconian anti-terror law; how Cambodia keeps a lid on dissent; and the fight for the rights of migrant workers in Taiwan.

January 10, 2022
January 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Cambodia’s strongman playing “rogue diplomat”; a welcome ban on child marriage in the Philippines; North Korea’s “boomerang defector”; and the weaponization of technology against Muslim women.

January 3, 2022
January 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a wave of hate speech and violence against India’s religious minorities; press freedom in tatters in Hong Kong; a horrifying Christmas massacre in Myanmar; and how the Taliban have revoked Afghan women’s hard-won rights.

December 27, 2021
December 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Myanmar’s blood gemstones; Hong Kong’s “selection”; the failed talks on killer bots; and the need for safe, legal migration options for workers.

December 20, 2021
December 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the seamy side of a Chinese ultra-fast fashion leader; the “silencing of a Laotian son”; Kim Jong Un’s decade of abusive rule; and calls for change in a country where sexual violence regularly goes unpunished

December 13, 2021
December 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the widespread condemnation following Aung San Suu Kyi’s conviction; the Nagaland killings that have revived debate about a controversial decades-old law; the other global infection; and Pakistan’s deadly blasphemy laws.

December 6, 2021
December 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a high point for China’s struggling #MeToo movement; confusion over a perplexing court ruling in Indonesia; growing awareness of the rights of the hijra in Bangladesh; and the price Pakistan’s children pay for dirty needles.

November 29, 2021
November 29, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: three women journalists who have held those in power to account and have paid a high price; why Thailand is no Land of Smiles for refugees; the plight of the “marriage migrants” in Taiwan; and another victory for Mother Nature Cambodia.

November 22, 2021
November 22, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Modi’s volte-face on India’s contentious farm laws; the wealthy country where hunger hides behind closed doors; Pakistan’s “living ghosts”; and the life-saving importance of the porcelain throne.

November 15, 2021
November 15, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how China’s “gray zone” strategy seems to be backfiring in Taiwan; the Asian countries clinging to capital punishment; the lethal weapons still claiming thousands of victims, often long after hostilities have ceased; and the “unconstitutional” calls for royal reform in Thailand.

November 8, 2021
November 8, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the possible end of China’s relentless 996 work hours, the killing and chilling of journalists, the urgent need to stamp out child labor in Asian farms, and the Burmese military’s history of arson attacks.

November 1, 2021
November 1, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a lifeline for Afghan female students, the end of an unconstitutional ban in the Philippines, the plight of North Korean defectors in the South, and India’s cool roofs.

October 25, 2021
October 25, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about China’s continuing crackdown on peaceful religious practice, a small step for LGBTI people in India, the closure of a human rights watchdog’s operations in Hong Kong, and how the Greater Mekong Subregion and India offer a glimmer of hope for malaria elimination.

October 18, 2021
October 18, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a simple yet powerful tool that is beyond the reach of many, Asia’s starving millions, the urgent need to revise Japan’s regressive transgender law, and a low-cost, low-input, and climate-resilient type of farming in India.

October 11, 2021
October 11, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the early impact of an offshore data tsunami, why girl children deserve a better normal, the Asian gig workers fighting for their rights, and the rain harvesters in a Nepalese town.

October 4, 2021
October 4, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the right to information laws across the region, Malaysia’s youth power, Filipino advocates pushing back against a proposed road to ruin, and the Indian lawyer who won the “alternative Nobel Prize.”

September 27, 2021
September 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the resiliency of LQBTQ activists in South Korea and Taiwan, the gatecrashing Cambodian prime minister, the Malaysian mothers fighting for their children’s citizenship rights, and China’s shadowy solar industry.

September 20, 2021
September 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the urgent need for safe childbirth, the dangers of “kinetic impact projectiles,” the never-ending battle for democracy and human rights, and a game-changing procurement system.

September 13, 2021
September 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about “the anaconda in the chandelier,” a spyware scandal, a dangerous place to stand up for the environment, and how people power scored a win for a Malaysian forest.

September 6, 2021
September 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the other global health threat that cuts life expectancies in the Asian region, the forgotten Afghan refugees in Indonesia, period poverty, and a study that shows how better pay for truck drivers in South Korea made the drivers — and the general public — safer.

August 30, 2021
August 30, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the pursuit of justice for the forcibly disappeared in Asia, the Rohingya’s quest for safe havens, lawbreaking law enforcers, and a doctor-entrepreneur who is retelling the story of health in Pakistan.

August 23, 2021
August 23, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the South Asian countries where children face extreme risk from climate change, how arbitrary detentions have fueled COVID-19 surges in Myanmar and Thai jails, China’s problematic family planning policies, and the Afghan women fighting the return to the dark days of harsh limits on their freedoms.

August 16, 2021
August 16, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the trail of rights violations that follows China’s Belt and Road projects, the two South Asian countries that are failing their daughters, how the Rohingya risk being left behind in the global COVID-19 vaccination race, and the raft of repressive measures that are keeping journalists in the region from their doing their jobs.

August 10, 2021
August 10, 2021

As the Delta variant spreads like wildfire in parts of Asia, we highlight news about Afghanistan’s swift descent into catastrophe, ASEAN Special Envoy Erywan Yusof’s tough assignment in defusing the Myanmar crisis, the severe challenges faced by indigenous peoples, a rare legal victory for online freedom in Thailand, the refusal of Taiwanese Olympians to use a name that exists on no map, and the Asian women athletes who are changing the game.

August 3, 2021
August 3, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the slogan that landed a Hong Kong protester in jail, the attacks and arrests Myanmar’s doctors face amid the pandemic, the factory fire that spotlights child labor and safety lapses in Bangladesh, and the marginalized Indian girls who are fighting child marriage.

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