Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

July 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark ruling against modern slavery; a massive data breach that exposed the personal data of 1 billion Chinese; a faint glimmer of hope for Pakistan’s victims of enforced disappearances; and a contentious Indonesian draft law that would promote — not prevent — rights violations.

Global
A Silver Lining
Freedom at last
Stories of migrant domestic workers being treated as modern slaves by foreign diplomats are all too common. In the US, writer Noy Thrupkaew built a database of more than 100 reports of alleged abuse of domestic workers by diplomat employers going back to 1988, reports The Washington Post Magazine.

The problem of abuse is likely to be underreported, as workers fear deportation and diplomats hide under cover of diplomatic immunity. This was the tactic used by Khalid Basfar, a London-based Saudi diplomat, to avoid paying wages to domestic worker Josephine Wong.

Basfar treated Wong as a modern slave. The Philippine national alleges that, after arriving in the United Kingdom, she endured 16.5-hour workdays daily and was required to wear bell at all times to be at the “family’s beck and call 24 hours a day,” according to the UK Supreme Court judgment. Wong alleges that she was paid about US$2,157 for six months’ work in one lump sum — a fraction of her contractual entitlement — and was not paid again.

Wong escaped in 2018 and brought a claim for compensation against Basfar in an employment tribunal. The diplomat’s shocking argument? That Wong’s claim should be struck out on the basis of his diplomatic protection.

UK’s highest court “was not asked to judge the veracity of these claims, but only the issue of whether Basfar’s treatment of Wong was protected by diplomatic immunity if it did amount to modern slavery,” reports The Guardian. And the court ruled that “diplomats cannot hide behind immunity to exploit workers,” reports the BBC.

The ruling is a victory for campaigners against modern slavery. In a statement to the BBC, James Fookes, anti-trafficking monitoring group coordinator at the charity Anti-Slavery International, said: “… this ruling is the first of its kind in the world and will shine more light on this serious issue and will hopefully lead the way to greater protection.”

The Philippine Department of Migrant Workers hailed the decision, saying it “opens the floodgates for workers, abused by their employers who are members of the diplomatic community, to seek recompense and refuge under the law,” reports Rappler.
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China
The genie that escaped the bottle
China is a surveillance state. The authorities expertly collect and sift through masses of information — social media posts, biometric data, phone records, video recordings, and the like — on 1.4 billion citizens. They aim “to find patterns and aberrations … [and] to predict crimes or protests before they happen,” reports the New York Times.

However, the centrally held data “becomes an attractive target” to hackers, says Charlie Smith, the pseudonymous founder of the website Greatfire.org, which tracks Chinese censorship, in Fortune.com. On June 30, a hacker advertised more than 23 terabytes of personal data on 1 billion Chinese citizens for sale in a post on a hacker forum. The price: 10 bitcoin, or roughly US$200,000.

The hacker claimed that the database was collated by the Shanghai police. The database had reportedly been left unsecured and publicly accessible for more than a year before the hacker put it for sale on the forum. It is unclear how many people have accessed the database, which contains sensitive personal information — including names, addresses, and phone numbers that criminals could use to carry out scams or identity theft — during all that time.

According to CNN, cybersecurity experts say the database leak could be one of the biggest ever recorded. The shocking leak shows that the zeal with which the authorities conduct mass surveillance has not corresponded to the stringent safeguard of confidential data against theft.

Yaqiu Wang, a senior China researcher at Human Rights Watch, told the New York Times that in Chinese law, “there is vague language about state data handlers having responsibility to ensure the security of the data. But ultimately, there is no mechanism to hold government agencies responsible for a data leak.”

Beijing’s response to news of the data breach hardly inspires confidence that anyone will be held accountable. The government censored news of the leak, preventing victims of the breach from learning that their personal data is exposed, reports Fortune.com.
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Pakistan
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A faint glimmer of hope for the disappeared
Pakistani authorities have shown an appalling lack of political will to end the decades-old practice of enforced disappearances in the country. Since March 2011, Pakistan’s Commission of Inquiry on Enforced Disappearances has received 8,463 complaints of enforced disappearances, reports Human Rights Watch. Yet the commission traced only a third of the cases and made no attempt to hold officials accountable for failing to comply with “orders to produce people unlawfully detained.”

The heinous crime has taken a heavy toll on the people in the southwest province of Balochistan, where more than 5,000 people are missing. Every family in Balochistan has a member or relative who has been forcibly disappeared, says the International Forum for Rights a Security, a Canadian think tank.

The authorities have reportedly forcibly abducted citizens — including students, political activists, and journalists — who have spoken out against injustice. Amnesty International says the authorities “grab the victims from the streets or their homes and later refuse to say where they are,” reports Asian News International.

The authorities’ failure to provide justice to victims of enforced disappearances may soon come to an end. Recently, a faint glimmer of hope has emerged from the Islamabad High Court.

On July 4, Chief Justice Athar Minallah ordered Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif to ensure that the missing persons — including journalist Mudassar Mahmood Naro — whose cases are being heard in the court, should be produced in the next hearing on September 9, reports NDTV.com. Otherwise, Minallah said, “The prime minister … should appear in person to justify ‘the failure of the state to fulfill its constitutional obligations,’” according to the Dawn newspaper.

Chief Justice Minallah’s order follows his landmark decision in late June. He said, “When there is sufficient evidence to conclude that it is, prima facie, a case of ‘enforced disappearance’ then it becomes an obligation of the State and all its organs to trace the disappeared citizen,” reports the Dawn.
Indonesia
Decriminalizing the draft criminal code
Indonesia’s Criminal Code dates back to the era when the country was a Dutch colony. Updating the criminal code is long overdue.

But rights groups fear that a controversial 2019 version of the draft law, in its current form, will put “democracy and human rights at risk.”

According to Human Rights Watch (HRW), the proposed new criminal code contains articles that will violate the rights of women, religious minorities, the LGBTQ+ community, as well as freedom of speech and association.

“It will be disastrous not only for women, and religious and gender minorities, but for all Indonesians,” Andreas Harsono, a researcher at HRW Indonesia, told Al Jazeera.

In its statement on July 7, HRW said the draft law can effectively censor the dissemination of information about contraception and criminalize some abortions, “thereby setting back women and girls’ rights under international law to make their own choices about having children.” HRW also said the bill can effectively make all same-sex conduct a criminal offense and expand the 1965 blasphemy law.

“Some of the new provisions could drastically restrict the space for political debate,” writes Eva Kusuma Sundari, a board member of ASEAN Parliamentarians for Human Rights. “One of the articles would make it punishable to “attack the honor and dignity of the President and the Vice-President.”

The Law and Human Rights Ministry submitted the final draft revision of the criminal code to parliament on July 6. The government plans to pass the revised code, which has been under review for over two decades, before national Independence Day on August 17, reports HRW.

However, the government has shared little about the changes in the criminal code law. The committee tasked with drafting the changes in the law has done so “behind closed doors, without consulting civil society,” reports The Diplomat.

The Journalist Safety Committee, an association of 10 groups of journalists and rights activists, claimed that the government limited the public’s participation in drafting the bill. In June, talks between an alliance of legal and civil liberties groups and the government to discuss the legislation broke down.
July 11, 2022
July 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark ruling against modern slavery; a massive data breach that exposed the personal data of 1 billion Chinese; a faint glimmer of hope for Pakistan’s victims of enforced disappearances; and a contentious Indonesian draft law that would promote — not prevent — rights violations.

July 4, 2022
July 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: India’s travel bans on journalists; South Korea’s bad bosses; Asia’s worst countries for workers in 2022; and a promising uptick in financial inclusion worldwide.

June 27, 2022
June 27, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a historic wage hike for garment workers in Pakistan’s Sindh province; the U.S. law which bans the import of goods made with forced labor from China’s Xinjiang region; the Asian countries that keep their citizens in the dark; and Vietnam’s environmental activists under attack.

June 20, 2022
June 20, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the twin victory of South Korean truckers; the spotty observance of the right of due process in the Philippines; the growing problem of elder abuse; and the burning issue of global warming — and the tools to cool down cities.

June 13, 2022
June 13, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how Mongolia brought digital rights to many citizens’ fingertips; a hidden lockdown for migrant workers in Singapore; the cross-cutting issue of food safety; and Bangladesh’s arbitrary cancellation of the license of a key human rights NGO.

June 6, 2022
June 6, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark settlement for sacked Thai garment workers; an ongoing battle for marriage equality in Taiwan; how attacks on schools worldwide jeopardize the future of children; period poverty and pain.

May 30, 2022
May 30, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the palm oil that is tainted by corporate greed; a law that restricts rape victims in Nepal in their quest for justice; Japan’s controversial training of the Tamadaw; and the shroud of secrecy veiling Asia’s executing countries.

May 23, 2022
May 23, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a shadow pandemic in Thailand; the Taliban’s dissolution of a key human rights body in Afghanistan; the doubtful outcome of the UN rights chief’s Xinjiang visit; and an invasive technology that may turn a lifeline app into a surveillance tool.

May 16, 2022
May 16, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the decades-long struggle for disability rights in South Korea; a minimum wage law that excludes domestic helpers in Malaysia; India’s antiquated and arbitrary sedition law; and the glaring gaps in alcohol marketing regulations that put young people and heavy drinkers at risk.

May 9, 2022
May 9, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the gloomy picture of press freedom in Asia; a heartbreaking polio outbreak in Pakistan; the turning of the tide for a prisoner of conscience in the Philippines; and North Korea’s fashion police.

May 2, 2022
May 2, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the latest setback for a fallen democracy icon in Myanmar; hard-won progress for worker safety in Bangladesh; another nail in the coffin of press freedom in Hong Kong; and the human and environmental costs of sand mining.

April 25, 2022
April 25, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark legal victory for gay soldiers in South Korea; an assault on education and an ethnic community in Afghanistan; the return of an independence leader in Timor-Leste; and ASEAN’s failed five-point consensus on the Myanmar crisis.

April 18, 2022
April 18, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark victory for Indonesian women; Hong Kong’s forgotten elderly; a proposed law that raises fears of a surveillance state in India; and the freedom that is at risk worldwide.

April 11, 2022
April 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Filipina politician who is in the crosshairs of trolls and haters; Sri Lanka’s heavy-handed tactics; a horrifying new discovery about forced organ harvesting in China; and the major global problem of toxic air.

April 4, 2022
April 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: “delayed” justice for street sleepers in Hong Kong; a problematic draft law that could shut down Thailand’s vibrant civil society; India’s appalling apathy toward Rohingya refugees; and the “crucial weakness” in the governance of global health organizations.

March 28, 2022
March 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a watershed moment for lesbian and bisexual women everywhere; the other devastating pandemic; a victory for young voters in Taiwan; and Vietnam’s repressive Article 88.

March 21, 2022
March 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for women’s rights in Bangladesh; Singapore’s addiction to the death penalty; China’s unsafe food and how it threatens the ruling party; and the Qatari dream that has become the migrant workers’ nightmare.

March 14, 2022
March 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: South Korea’s “anti-feminist” president-elect; the tiny Southeast Asian country that is standing up to Russia; a call to end the Taliban’s crackdown on Afghan women’s rights; and the prescription for a full pandemic recovery.

March 7, 2022
March 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: ASEAN’s fence-sitting on the Ukraine crisis; the “shocking abuses” against indigenous Papuans; scant support for the backbone of Hong Kong’s economy; and lessons from an adaptation role model.

February 28, 2022
February 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the misleading marketing of formula milk to women worldwide; the guilty verdict that should be a watershed moment for Pakistan’s women; North Korea’s Supreme Leader’s focus on launching missiles over administering COVID-19 vaccines; and “a historic win” for grassroots activists.

February 21, 2022
February 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the pernicious practice of “red-tagging” in the Philippines; firewall fears in Hong Kong; a crackdown against journalists in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir; and a harmful and unnecessary rite of passage for girls.

February 14, 2022
February 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a horrifying hijab ban in India; an alarming spate of custodial deaths in Malaysia; the bullies hiding behind keyboards in South Korea; and the high toll of Japan’s strict entry ban.

February 7, 2022
February 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the “burner phone Olympics” in Beijing; Myanmar’s annus horribilis; the steep price Sri Lankans are paying for botched schemes; and the mountain of pandemic-induced medical waste that threatens health and the environment.

January 31, 2022
January 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a report that shows how, across the globe, corruption and human rights violations go hand in hand; a “shamelessly scandalous” scheme that threatens media freedom in the Philippines; the living hell of the Afghan LGBT community under Taliban rule; and the “positive endings” Chinese censors impose on Hollywood movies and even a local show.

January 24, 2022
January 24, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an anti-poor “no vaccination, no ride” policy in the Philippines; a “sportswashing opportunity” for China; the bogus charges against a Cambodian opposition leader; and two rays of hope for Pakistan’s women.

January 17, 2022
January 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a cautiously positive report from Human Rights Watch; the math of misogyny in Indonesia; India’s draconian anti-terror law; how Cambodia keeps a lid on dissent; and the fight for the rights of migrant workers in Taiwan.

January 10, 2022
January 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Cambodia’s strongman playing “rogue diplomat”; a welcome ban on child marriage in the Philippines; North Korea’s “boomerang defector”; and the weaponization of technology against Muslim women.

January 3, 2022
January 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a wave of hate speech and violence against India’s religious minorities; press freedom in tatters in Hong Kong; a horrifying Christmas massacre in Myanmar; and how the Taliban have revoked Afghan women’s hard-won rights.

December 27, 2021
December 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Myanmar’s blood gemstones; Hong Kong’s “selection”; the failed talks on killer bots; and the need for safe, legal migration options for workers.

December 20, 2021
December 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the seamy side of a Chinese ultra-fast fashion leader; the “silencing of a Laotian son”; Kim Jong Un’s decade of abusive rule; and calls for change in a country where sexual violence regularly goes unpunished

December 13, 2021
December 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the widespread condemnation following Aung San Suu Kyi’s conviction; the Nagaland killings that have revived debate about a controversial decades-old law; the other global infection; and Pakistan’s deadly blasphemy laws.

December 6, 2021
December 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a high point for China’s struggling #MeToo movement; confusion over a perplexing court ruling in Indonesia; growing awareness of the rights of the hijra in Bangladesh; and the price Pakistan’s children pay for dirty needles.

November 29, 2021
November 29, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: three women journalists who have held those in power to account and have paid a high price; why Thailand is no Land of Smiles for refugees; the plight of the “marriage migrants” in Taiwan; and another victory for Mother Nature Cambodia.

November 22, 2021
November 22, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Modi’s volte-face on India’s contentious farm laws; the wealthy country where hunger hides behind closed doors; Pakistan’s “living ghosts”; and the life-saving importance of the porcelain throne.

November 15, 2021
November 15, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how China’s “gray zone” strategy seems to be backfiring in Taiwan; the Asian countries clinging to capital punishment; the lethal weapons still claiming thousands of victims, often long after hostilities have ceased; and the “unconstitutional” calls for royal reform in Thailand.

November 8, 2021
November 8, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the possible end of China’s relentless 996 work hours, the killing and chilling of journalists, the urgent need to stamp out child labor in Asian farms, and the Burmese military’s history of arson attacks.

November 1, 2021
November 1, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a lifeline for Afghan female students, the end of an unconstitutional ban in the Philippines, the plight of North Korean defectors in the South, and India’s cool roofs.

October 25, 2021
October 25, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about China’s continuing crackdown on peaceful religious practice, a small step for LGBTI people in India, the closure of a human rights watchdog’s operations in Hong Kong, and how the Greater Mekong Subregion and India offer a glimmer of hope for malaria elimination.

October 18, 2021
October 18, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a simple yet powerful tool that is beyond the reach of many, Asia’s starving millions, the urgent need to revise Japan’s regressive transgender law, and a low-cost, low-input, and climate-resilient type of farming in India.

October 11, 2021
October 11, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the early impact of an offshore data tsunami, why girl children deserve a better normal, the Asian gig workers fighting for their rights, and the rain harvesters in a Nepalese town.

October 4, 2021
October 4, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the right to information laws across the region, Malaysia’s youth power, Filipino advocates pushing back against a proposed road to ruin, and the Indian lawyer who won the “alternative Nobel Prize.”

September 27, 2021
September 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the resiliency of LQBTQ activists in South Korea and Taiwan, the gatecrashing Cambodian prime minister, the Malaysian mothers fighting for their children’s citizenship rights, and China’s shadowy solar industry.

September 20, 2021
September 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the urgent need for safe childbirth, the dangers of “kinetic impact projectiles,” the never-ending battle for democracy and human rights, and a game-changing procurement system.

September 13, 2021
September 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about “the anaconda in the chandelier,” a spyware scandal, a dangerous place to stand up for the environment, and how people power scored a win for a Malaysian forest.

September 6, 2021
September 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the other global health threat that cuts life expectancies in the Asian region, the forgotten Afghan refugees in Indonesia, period poverty, and a study that shows how better pay for truck drivers in South Korea made the drivers — and the general public — safer.

August 30, 2021
August 30, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the pursuit of justice for the forcibly disappeared in Asia, the Rohingya’s quest for safe havens, lawbreaking law enforcers, and a doctor-entrepreneur who is retelling the story of health in Pakistan.

August 23, 2021
August 23, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the South Asian countries where children face extreme risk from climate change, how arbitrary detentions have fueled COVID-19 surges in Myanmar and Thai jails, China’s problematic family planning policies, and the Afghan women fighting the return to the dark days of harsh limits on their freedoms.

August 16, 2021
August 16, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the trail of rights violations that follows China’s Belt and Road projects, the two South Asian countries that are failing their daughters, how the Rohingya risk being left behind in the global COVID-19 vaccination race, and the raft of repressive measures that are keeping journalists in the region from their doing their jobs.

August 10, 2021
August 10, 2021

As the Delta variant spreads like wildfire in parts of Asia, we highlight news about Afghanistan’s swift descent into catastrophe, ASEAN Special Envoy Erywan Yusof’s tough assignment in defusing the Myanmar crisis, the severe challenges faced by indigenous peoples, a rare legal victory for online freedom in Thailand, the refusal of Taiwanese Olympians to use a name that exists on no map, and the Asian women athletes who are changing the game.

August 3, 2021
August 3, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the slogan that landed a Hong Kong protester in jail, the attacks and arrests Myanmar’s doctors face amid the pandemic, the factory fire that spotlights child labor and safety lapses in Bangladesh, and the marginalized Indian girls who are fighting child marriage.

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