Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

March 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: ASEAN’s fence-sitting on the Ukraine crisis; the “shocking abuses” against indigenous Papuans; scant support for the backbone of Hong Kong’s economy; and lessons from an adaptation role model.

Global
ASEAN’s neutrality is not enough
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]O[/dropcap]n Feb. 26, the foreign ministers from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) issued an official statement on Russia’s unprovoked invasion of Ukraine. In two terse paragraphs, representatives of the 10-member ASEAN bloc said they were “deeply concerned” about the crisis.

However, the bloc sidestepped any direct criticism of Russia, reports The Diplomat. “There is no mention of Russia, nor any specific mention of the nature of its action — an invasion of a sovereign nation-state — nor any recognition of the fact that resistance to such a breach is both legally and morally justified.”

On March 3, the foreign ministers from the ASEAN issued another tepid statement, in which they still refrained from directly condemning Russia for the war in Ukraine.

ASEAN’s fence-sitting on the Ukraine crisis is hardly surprising. “Not supporting either side in a conflict, as well as adherence to a policy of nonalignment, have been core ASEAN principles since the bloc was founded 55 years ago,” writes Dr. Huong Le Thu, a senior analyst at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute and a nonresident fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C., in Nikkei Asia.

However, Dr. Le Thu says, “Trying to remain impartial when one country is bombing the unarmed civilians of another country does nothing to uphold the principle of neutrality.”

In a statement dated March 2, the Asia Democracy Network called on Asian leaders “to not remain apathetic to the ongoing conflict, to raise their voice against the loss of lives, the grave humanitarian crisis, and instability to world peace.”

Though the regional bloc itself issued a weak statement, eight of 10 ASEAN countries voted in favor of the forcefully worded U.N. General Assembly resolution which “deplored” the aggression by Russia against Ukraine and demanded that Russia “immediately cease its use of force against Ukraine” and “immediately withdraw all of its military forces from the territory of Ukraine.”

Among the ASEAN member-states, Vietnam and Laos — which both have close ties with Russia — abstained from voting in favor of the resolution, reports BenarNews.
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Indonesia
A surge in ‘shocking abuses’ against indigenous Papuans
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]O[/dropcap]n March 1, three independent U.N. human rights experts issued a statement expressing serious concerns about the deteriorating human rights situation in the Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua and called on the government for aid. They cited “shocking abuses” against indigenous Papuans and said that between April and November of last year, they received reports indicating several instances of extrajudicial killings, including of young children, enforced disappearances, torture, and enforced displacement of at least 5,000 Papuans.

The U.N. experts said estimates put the overall number of displaced, since the escalation of violence in December 2018, at between 60,000 and 100,000 people. “Thousands of displaced villagers have fled to the forests where they are exposed to the harsh climate in the highlands without access to food, healthcare, and education facilities,” said the experts.

The U.N. experts cited two cases of two children, aged 2 and 6, being shot on Oct. 26, 2021, when bullets pierced their respective homes during a firefight. The 2-year-old later died, though, according to a Reuters report, separatists and security forces had differing accounts as to how the child died.

On March 1, the same day that the U.N. experts issued their statement, BenarNews reported that the Indonesian military was investigating the death of a 12-year-old boy following his arrest, together with six other children, for allegedly stealing the gun of an Indonesian soldier in Sinak district in Papua. Human rights advocates want an independent probe.

It was also when the governor of Papua province established a crack legal team to represent indigenous Papuans subjected to human rights abuses and facing other legal cases, reports UCA News. The team of three lawyers includes Usman Hamid, executive director of Amnesty International Indonesia.

Indonesia’s mission to the U.N. issued a statement of its own saying that it “deeply regrets the biased news release issued by the so-called ‘U.N. Human Rights experts’.” It said that the “allegations … have already been addressed by the government.”

Separatists have waged a low-level campaign for independence in the resource-rich region for decades, saying a 1969 vote overseen by the UN that brought the former Dutch colony under Indonesian control was illegitimate, reports Reuters.
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Hong Kong
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Scant support for the backbone of HK’s economy
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]H[/dropcap]ong Kong is buckling under its fifth, and worst, coronavirus wave. In two months, “this wave … has led to more than 250,000 infections and 800 deaths — multiple times as many as in the previous four waves combined,” reports The New York Times.

The brunt is falling upon an estimated 340,000 foreign domestic helpers in the city, who are among the most vulnerable. The migrant workers — who are mostly women from Indonesia and the Philippines — provide round-the-clock child care, cooking, and cleaning services for families six days a week in roughly 10 percent of households in Hong Kong. They are legally required to live with their employers in a city that offers some of the world’s smallest apartments.

Many activists and advocates have decried the rule as trapping women in potentially exploitative or abusive situations, says CNN. Now it has left some workers homeless after they were fired for contracting COVID-19.

“Scores have been evicted or sacked after testing positive for Covid, by employers who don’t want the virus in their households, according to local rights groups,” reports Bloomberg. Hong Kong Free Press has reported on a domestic helper who was forced to sleep rough after testing positive for COVID-19 and another who spent a cold night outside a hospital with her three-month-old baby waiting for admission. Many of the workers were also left without insurance to cover their medical bills, reports The Guardian.

Some workers face steep fines for violating the two-person limit on gatherings. On a recent weekend, “foreign domestic workers accounted for more than one of every four people fined for breaching the city’s Covid protocols, even though they account for less than 5 percent of the population,” reports Bloomberg. The fines can be as much as US$1,281 — twice the minimum monthly wage of US$593 for live-in domestic workers.

The two-person limit has prevented the workers from gathering with friends on Sundays, their single day off. They used to pack the city’s parks and open spaces. On a recent Sunday, though, only a handful of them was in Chater Garden in Central. The authorities have cracked down on such gatherings after Chief Executive Carrie Lam vowed “no mercy” for those breaching COVID-19 social distancing rules.

Hong Kong’s authorities have shown little love for the foreign domestic workers, who are the backbone of the city’s economy. A 2019 report pegged the economic contribution of such workers in the city at US$12.6 billion — or 3.9 percent of Hong Kong’s GDP.

The Philippines’ top diplomat in Hong Kong, Consul-General Raly Tejada, said it was illegal and “immoral” for employers to fire domestic workers who tested positive for COVID-19.

In 2021, Filipinos working in Hong Kong sent approximately US$722.2 million in cash remittances. Last year, overseas Filipino workers remitted a record-breaking US$34 billion. The amount accounted for 8.9 percent of the country’s GDP.
Bangladesh
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A Silver Lining
Lessons from an adaptation role model
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]T[/dropcap]he sixth and latest assessment report from the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) looks at the impacts, adaptation, and vulnerabilities associated with the climate crisis. The report states that “a staggering 143 million people will likely be uprooted over the next 30 years by rising seas, searing temperatures, and other climate calamities,” reports ABC News.

This is not really news for Bangladesh, or for other poorer, more vulnerable communities and countries in the Global South.

The country “is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world, owing to climate change and sea-level rise,” said Rawshan Ara Begum, an economist from Bangladesh who studies sustainable development at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia. Begum is one of the 270 researchers from 67 countries who authored the latest IPCC report.

As Saleemul Huq, director of the International Center for Climate Change and Development, writes in Scientific American, “We have been seeing and feeling enhanced climatic impacts from floods, cyclones, and droughts for the past decade or more.” He has been a lead author of the IPCC’s third, fourth, and fifth assessment reports.

Nevertheless, Bangladesh has adopted good practices that other countries can emulate. Dr. Huq says, “The rest of the world would do well to learn from my country, Bangladesh, where we have been taking [a] whole-of-society approach ... to prepare the 160 million citizens of the country to tackle climate change.”

He cites the following commendable practices from Bangladesh:
  1. Rice researchers have developed salt-tolerant varieties that are being delivered to farmers by private agribusiness and are being purchased by farmers in the low-lying coastal areas where saltwater is intruding.
  2. The country has reduced the death toll from floods and cyclones by using a multi-layered early warning system, which includes cyclone-tracking by satellite, as well as early warning by radio, mobile phones, and even volunteers going out with megaphones.
  3. High school students are trained in cyclone preparedness, and every household in vulnerable areas is visited in person to inform residents of the nearest cyclone shelter, all located within walking distance.
Bangladesh has more than 14,000 shelters, which allowed for some 2.4 million people to be evacuated in 2020 during Cyclone Amphan — the most powerful storm to form on the Bay of Bengal since 1999, according to a report from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, reports The New Humanitarian.

The country has a program involving 76,000 volunteers — half of whom are women. This has helped increase the safety of shelters for women and has also helped with evacuations.

The New Humanitarian reports that these measures are so successful that even though the number of natural hazards in Bangladesh has increased from 1970 to 2019, overall deaths from such events have fallen.

The publication notes that Bangladesh earmarks a larger proportion of its own finances to tackle climate problems than many developing countries. According to the country’s Climate Budget Report, more than 7 percent of the national budget was allocated to tackling climate change between 2021 and 2022. By comparison, Indonesia allocated 4.9 percent of its government budget to climate change activities in 2018. The Philippines, meanwhile, dedicated 6.2 percent of its national budget to climate change in 2021.
March 7, 2022
March 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: ASEAN’s fence-sitting on the Ukraine crisis; the “shocking abuses” against indigenous Papuans; scant support for the backbone of Hong Kong’s economy; and lessons from an adaptation role model.

February 28, 2022
February 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the misleading marketing of formula milk to women worldwide; the guilty verdict that should be a watershed moment for Pakistan’s women; North Korea’s Supreme Leader’s focus on launching missiles over administering COVID-19 vaccines; and “a historic win” for grassroots activists.

February 21, 2022
February 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the pernicious practice of “red-tagging” in the Philippines; firewall fears in Hong Kong; a crackdown against journalists in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir; and a harmful and unnecessary rite of passage for girls.

February 14, 2022
February 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a horrifying hijab ban in India; an alarming spate of custodial deaths in Malaysia; the bullies hiding behind keyboards in South Korea; and the high toll of Japan’s strict entry ban.

February 7, 2022
February 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the “burner phone Olympics” in Beijing; Myanmar’s annus horribilis; the steep price Sri Lankans are paying for botched schemes; and the mountain of pandemic-induced medical waste that threatens health and the environment.

January 31, 2022
January 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a report that shows how, across the globe, corruption and human rights violations go hand in hand; a “shamelessly scandalous” scheme that threatens media freedom in the Philippines; the living hell of the Afghan LGBT community under Taliban rule; and the “positive endings” Chinese censors impose on Hollywood movies and even a local show.

January 24, 2022
January 24, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an anti-poor “no vaccination, no ride” policy in the Philippines; a “sportswashing opportunity” for China; the bogus charges against a Cambodian opposition leader; and two rays of hope for Pakistan’s women.

January 17, 2022
January 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a cautiously positive report from Human Rights Watch; the math of misogyny in Indonesia; India’s draconian anti-terror law; how Cambodia keeps a lid on dissent; and the fight for the rights of migrant workers in Taiwan.

January 10, 2022
January 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Cambodia’s strongman playing “rogue diplomat”; a welcome ban on child marriage in the Philippines; North Korea’s “boomerang defector”; and the weaponization of technology against Muslim women.

January 3, 2022
January 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a wave of hate speech and violence against India’s religious minorities; press freedom in tatters in Hong Kong; a horrifying Christmas massacre in Myanmar; and how the Taliban have revoked Afghan women’s hard-won rights.

December 27, 2021
December 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Myanmar’s blood gemstones; Hong Kong’s “selection”; the failed talks on killer bots; and the need for safe, legal migration options for workers.

December 20, 2021
December 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the seamy side of a Chinese ultra-fast fashion leader; the “silencing of a Laotian son”; Kim Jong Un’s decade of abusive rule; and calls for change in a country where sexual violence regularly goes unpunished

December 13, 2021
December 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the widespread condemnation following Aung San Suu Kyi’s conviction; the Nagaland killings that have revived debate about a controversial decades-old law; the other global infection; and Pakistan’s deadly blasphemy laws.

December 6, 2021
December 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a high point for China’s struggling #MeToo movement; confusion over a perplexing court ruling in Indonesia; growing awareness of the rights of the hijra in Bangladesh; and the price Pakistan’s children pay for dirty needles.

November 29, 2021
November 29, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: three women journalists who have held those in power to account and have paid a high price; why Thailand is no Land of Smiles for refugees; the plight of the “marriage migrants” in Taiwan; and another victory for Mother Nature Cambodia.

November 22, 2021
November 22, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Modi’s volte-face on India’s contentious farm laws; the wealthy country where hunger hides behind closed doors; Pakistan’s “living ghosts”; and the life-saving importance of the porcelain throne.

November 15, 2021
November 15, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how China’s “gray zone” strategy seems to be backfiring in Taiwan; the Asian countries clinging to capital punishment; the lethal weapons still claiming thousands of victims, often long after hostilities have ceased; and the “unconstitutional” calls for royal reform in Thailand.

November 8, 2021
November 8, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the possible end of China’s relentless 996 work hours, the killing and chilling of journalists, the urgent need to stamp out child labor in Asian farms, and the Burmese military’s history of arson attacks.

November 1, 2021
November 1, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a lifeline for Afghan female students, the end of an unconstitutional ban in the Philippines, the plight of North Korean defectors in the South, and India’s cool roofs.

October 25, 2021
October 25, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about China’s continuing crackdown on peaceful religious practice, a small step for LGBTI people in India, the closure of a human rights watchdog’s operations in Hong Kong, and how the Greater Mekong Subregion and India offer a glimmer of hope for malaria elimination.

October 18, 2021
October 18, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a simple yet powerful tool that is beyond the reach of many, Asia’s starving millions, the urgent need to revise Japan’s regressive transgender law, and a low-cost, low-input, and climate-resilient type of farming in India.

October 11, 2021
October 11, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the early impact of an offshore data tsunami, why girl children deserve a better normal, the Asian gig workers fighting for their rights, and the rain harvesters in a Nepalese town.

October 4, 2021
October 4, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the right to information laws across the region, Malaysia’s youth power, Filipino advocates pushing back against a proposed road to ruin, and the Indian lawyer who won the “alternative Nobel Prize.”

September 27, 2021
September 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the resiliency of LQBTQ activists in South Korea and Taiwan, the gatecrashing Cambodian prime minister, the Malaysian mothers fighting for their children’s citizenship rights, and China’s shadowy solar industry.

September 20, 2021
September 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the urgent need for safe childbirth, the dangers of “kinetic impact projectiles,” the never-ending battle for democracy and human rights, and a game-changing procurement system.

September 13, 2021
September 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about “the anaconda in the chandelier,” a spyware scandal, a dangerous place to stand up for the environment, and how people power scored a win for a Malaysian forest.

September 6, 2021
September 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the other global health threat that cuts life expectancies in the Asian region, the forgotten Afghan refugees in Indonesia, period poverty, and a study that shows how better pay for truck drivers in South Korea made the drivers — and the general public — safer.

August 30, 2021
August 30, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the pursuit of justice for the forcibly disappeared in Asia, the Rohingya’s quest for safe havens, lawbreaking law enforcers, and a doctor-entrepreneur who is retelling the story of health in Pakistan.

August 23, 2021
August 23, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the South Asian countries where children face extreme risk from climate change, how arbitrary detentions have fueled COVID-19 surges in Myanmar and Thai jails, China’s problematic family planning policies, and the Afghan women fighting the return to the dark days of harsh limits on their freedoms.

August 16, 2021
August 16, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the trail of rights violations that follows China’s Belt and Road projects, the two South Asian countries that are failing their daughters, how the Rohingya risk being left behind in the global COVID-19 vaccination race, and the raft of repressive measures that are keeping journalists in the region from their doing their jobs.

August 10, 2021
August 10, 2021

As the Delta variant spreads like wildfire in parts of Asia, we highlight news about Afghanistan’s swift descent into catastrophe, ASEAN Special Envoy Erywan Yusof’s tough assignment in defusing the Myanmar crisis, the severe challenges faced by indigenous peoples, a rare legal victory for online freedom in Thailand, the refusal of Taiwanese Olympians to use a name that exists on no map, and the Asian women athletes who are changing the game.

August 3, 2021
August 3, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the slogan that landed a Hong Kong protester in jail, the attacks and arrests Myanmar’s doctors face amid the pandemic, the factory fire that spotlights child labor and safety lapses in Bangladesh, and the marginalized Indian girls who are fighting child marriage.

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