Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

April 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Filipina politician who is in the crosshairs of trolls and haters; Sri Lanka’s heavy-handed tactics; a horrifying new discovery about forced organ harvesting in China; and the major global problem of toxic air.

Philippines
In the crosshairs of trolls and haters
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]A[/dropcap]Filipino proverb says it is the tree that bears much fruit that is pelted with stones. Nowhere has this been more apparent than in the presidential campaign of Vice President Maria Leonor “Leni” Robredo.

Even before the official start of the campaign period for the national and local elections in May, Robredo appeared to be the most targeted politician for election-related disinformation, reports VERA Files.

Robredo’s quotes have been distorted to “make her look like she is spouting nonsense,” journalism associate professor Yvonne Chua said during an online lecture on March 16 organized by the University of the Philippines, reports VOA News. Chua leads Tsek.ph, a collaborative fact-checking project for the 2022 Philippine elections.

The top beneficiary of such posts? Former senator Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos Jr., the dictator’s son who is also a presidential candidate.

As the campaign season heated up, the trend persisted. In March, Chua presented initial findings of a collaborative study. The election misinformation covered since the filing of the certificates of candidacy up to mid-February has targeted mainly Robredo and Marcos. It sought to damage Robredo’s image while boosting Marcos Jr.’s, reports Rappler.

“Journalists covering May’s presidential election in the Philippines say false news and online attacks are making reporting a challenge,” reports VOA News.

Parliamentarians from Southeast Asia are alarmed by the dangerous use of offline and online disinformation during the campaign for the May 9 elections. Smear campaigns are a grave threat to democracy and the safety and security of candidates, and all concerned authorities must ensure a free, fair, and peaceful electoral process, ASEAN Parliamentarians for Human Rights said in a statement dated April 6.

On the same day, Meta Platforms suspended a network of over 400 accounts, pages, and groups ahead of general elections as the Facebook parent moves to crack down on hate speech, misinformation, and disinformation, reports Rappler.
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Sri Lanka
Heavy-handed tactics to quash freedoms
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]T[/dropcap]he government is dealing with Sri Lanka’s economic and political crisis with a heavy hand. It has clamped down on free speech and media freedoms.

The compounded impact of eye-watering foreign debt of US$12.55 billion, corruption, and the COVID-19 crisis has crippled the island nation’s economy. The crisis and shortages of essential items led fed-up Sri Lankans to stage large spontaneous demonstrations near the president’s residence in Colombo on the evening of March 31.

The sporadic countrywide protests are continuing, with the participants chanting, “Gota go home.” Gota is the nickname of President Gotabaya Rajapaksa.

In response, the telecommunications regulatory commission announced on April 3 that it instructed service providers to block all social media usage in the country at the request of the defense ministry, reports IFEX, a global nonprofit promoting and defending freedom of expression. This was after the president declared a state of emergency and imposed a 36-hour nationwide curfew.

Activist group Free Media Movement has condemned the total social media blackout, which lasted 15 hours. It said that “social media has … become … an essential tool for enjoying the … freedom of expression, including freedom of speech and publication, as well as freedom of assembly and association.”

Social media has also become a broad platform for professional media coverage. The group states that “(t)he arbitrary move by the government is a violation of the right to information of the people, as well as the trade union rights of the media community.”

Reporters Without Borders (RSF) expressed grave concern over the journalists who have been harassed or attacked by the police since the anti-government protests began on March 31. At least nine have been injured in protests.

Daniel Bastard, head of RSF’s Asia-Pacific desk, said, “The attacks against them under the state of emergency are absolutely unacceptable.” He called on president Rajapaksa “to immediately end all attacks on social media on the island and to allow reporters to freely cover these historic protests.” Sri Lanka is ranked 127th out of 180 countries in RSF’s 2021 World Press Freedom Index.

In a statement issued on April 5, the spokesperson for the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights voiced concern about the measures taken by the Sri Lankan authorities under the state of emergency. Such measures “are aimed at preventing … people from legitimately expressing their grievances through peaceful protests and … frustrate the exchange of views on matters of public interest.”
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China
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Where surgeons become executioners
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]T[/dropcap]wo researchers made a shocking discovery in a new academic paper. Hundreds of Chinese surgeons and medical personnel have removed the hearts of death row prisoners for transplant even before the inmates had been officially declared dead, reports Al Jazeera.

For their research, published in the American Journal of Transplantation, Jacob Lavee, M.D., an Israeli heart transplant surgeon, and Matthew Roberston, a Ph.D. student at Australian National University did an intricate analysis of thousands of Chinese-language transplant articles. They identified 71 articles in which transplant surgeons describe starting organ procurement surgery before declaring their patients brain dead.

“We have shown for the first time that the transplant surgeons are the executioners — that the mode of execution is organ procurement. These are self-admissions of executing the patient,” Lavee told Medscape Medical News.

China considers data on the death penalty a state secret, but it is thought to be “the world’s most prolific executioner,” according to Amnesty International. While organ harvesting from prisoners is officially banned in the country, the secrecy makes it difficult to know whether the practice is continuing, reports Al Jazeera.

Much is already known about forced organ harvesting in China. In 2021, 12 UN experts raised grave concern that the country forcibly harvests the organs of Tibetans, Uyghurs, Falun Gong Practitioners, Muslims, Christians, and other detainees who are often arrested arbitrarily.

Detainees are “forcibly subjected to blood tests and organ examinations without informed consent.” In a British Medical Journal article, Professor Wendy A. Rogers of the department of philosophy and medicine, Macquarie University, explains: “This process creates a living organ bank where foreign patients and wealthy Chinese citizens can be matched to potential donors, who are then killed on demand so that their organs can be transplanted.”

The Chinese government reportedly makes “halal organ” ads to attract Muslim patients waiting for an organ transplant to the country, says Campaign for Uyghurs, a US-based nonprofit. If the organ is “halal,” its price triples.
Global
Breathtaking challenge
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]A[/dropcap]shocking 99 percent of humanity breathes air that exceeds World Health Organization (WHO) air quality limits and threatens their health, according to WHO data released on April 4. People in low- and middle-income countries suffer the highest exposures.

“Air pollution negatively impacts on the enjoyment of many human rights, in particular the right to life and the right to health, especially in relation to vulnerable groups,” says the UN Environment Programme.

The air most people in the world breathe contains unhealthy levels of particulate matter with diameters equal or smaller than 10 microns (PM10) or 2.5 microns (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide. Particulate matter, especially PM2.5, can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream, causing cardiovascular, cerebrovascular (stroke) and respiratory impacts, says the WHO.

In IQAir’s World Air Quality Report, the Swiss air quality technology company presents an overview of the global air quality in 2021. It is the first major global air quality report based on the updated annual WHO air quality guideline for PM2.5 released in September 2021. The latest guidelines cut the annual PM2.5 guideline value from 10 micrograms per cubic meter of air (µg/m³) to 5 µg/m³.

How unhealthy is the air in the Asian region? IQAir analyzed 117 countries, territories, and regions for its report. None of the Asian countries and territories included met the WHO air quality guideline for PM2.5 in 2021.

The air in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India are particularly unhealthy. They exceed the WHO PM2.5 guideline of 5 µg/m³ by over 10 times.
How unhealthy is the air in Asia?

None of the Asian countries and territories included in IQAir’s 2021 World Air Quality Report met the WHO PM2.5 guideline of 5 µg/m³. Below are the rankings in descending order.
April 11, 2022
April 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Filipina politician who is in the crosshairs of trolls and haters; Sri Lanka’s heavy-handed tactics; a horrifying new discovery about forced organ harvesting in China; and the major global problem of toxic air.

April 4, 2022
April 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: “delayed” justice for street sleepers in Hong Kong; a problematic draft law that could shut down Thailand’s vibrant civil society; India’s appalling apathy toward Rohingya refugees; and the “crucial weakness” in the governance of global health organizations.

March 28, 2022
March 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a watershed moment for lesbian and bisexual women everywhere; the other devastating pandemic; a victory for young voters in Taiwan; and Vietnam’s repressive Article 88.

March 21, 2022
March 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for women’s rights in Bangladesh; Singapore’s addiction to the death penalty; China’s unsafe food and how it threatens the ruling party; and the Qatari dream that has become the migrant workers’ nightmare.

March 14, 2022
March 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: South Korea’s “anti-feminist” president-elect; the tiny Southeast Asian country that is standing up to Russia; a call to end the Taliban’s crackdown on Afghan women’s rights; and the prescription for a full pandemic recovery.

March 7, 2022
March 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: ASEAN’s fence-sitting on the Ukraine crisis; the “shocking abuses” against indigenous Papuans; scant support for the backbone of Hong Kong’s economy; and lessons from an adaptation role model.

February 28, 2022
February 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the misleading marketing of formula milk to women worldwide; the guilty verdict that should be a watershed moment for Pakistan’s women; North Korea’s Supreme Leader’s focus on launching missiles over administering COVID-19 vaccines; and “a historic win” for grassroots activists.

February 21, 2022
February 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the pernicious practice of “red-tagging” in the Philippines; firewall fears in Hong Kong; a crackdown against journalists in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir; and a harmful and unnecessary rite of passage for girls.

February 14, 2022
February 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a horrifying hijab ban in India; an alarming spate of custodial deaths in Malaysia; the bullies hiding behind keyboards in South Korea; and the high toll of Japan’s strict entry ban.

February 7, 2022
February 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the “burner phone Olympics” in Beijing; Myanmar’s annus horribilis; the steep price Sri Lankans are paying for botched schemes; and the mountain of pandemic-induced medical waste that threatens health and the environment.

January 31, 2022
January 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a report that shows how, across the globe, corruption and human rights violations go hand in hand; a “shamelessly scandalous” scheme that threatens media freedom in the Philippines; the living hell of the Afghan LGBT community under Taliban rule; and the “positive endings” Chinese censors impose on Hollywood movies and even a local show.

January 24, 2022
January 24, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an anti-poor “no vaccination, no ride” policy in the Philippines; a “sportswashing opportunity” for China; the bogus charges against a Cambodian opposition leader; and two rays of hope for Pakistan’s women.

January 17, 2022
January 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a cautiously positive report from Human Rights Watch; the math of misogyny in Indonesia; India’s draconian anti-terror law; how Cambodia keeps a lid on dissent; and the fight for the rights of migrant workers in Taiwan.

January 10, 2022
January 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Cambodia’s strongman playing “rogue diplomat”; a welcome ban on child marriage in the Philippines; North Korea’s “boomerang defector”; and the weaponization of technology against Muslim women.

January 3, 2022
January 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a wave of hate speech and violence against India’s religious minorities; press freedom in tatters in Hong Kong; a horrifying Christmas massacre in Myanmar; and how the Taliban have revoked Afghan women’s hard-won rights.

December 27, 2021
December 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Myanmar’s blood gemstones; Hong Kong’s “selection”; the failed talks on killer bots; and the need for safe, legal migration options for workers.

December 20, 2021
December 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the seamy side of a Chinese ultra-fast fashion leader; the “silencing of a Laotian son”; Kim Jong Un’s decade of abusive rule; and calls for change in a country where sexual violence regularly goes unpunished

December 13, 2021
December 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the widespread condemnation following Aung San Suu Kyi’s conviction; the Nagaland killings that have revived debate about a controversial decades-old law; the other global infection; and Pakistan’s deadly blasphemy laws.

December 6, 2021
December 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a high point for China’s struggling #MeToo movement; confusion over a perplexing court ruling in Indonesia; growing awareness of the rights of the hijra in Bangladesh; and the price Pakistan’s children pay for dirty needles.

November 29, 2021
November 29, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: three women journalists who have held those in power to account and have paid a high price; why Thailand is no Land of Smiles for refugees; the plight of the “marriage migrants” in Taiwan; and another victory for Mother Nature Cambodia.

November 22, 2021
November 22, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Modi’s volte-face on India’s contentious farm laws; the wealthy country where hunger hides behind closed doors; Pakistan’s “living ghosts”; and the life-saving importance of the porcelain throne.

November 15, 2021
November 15, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how China’s “gray zone” strategy seems to be backfiring in Taiwan; the Asian countries clinging to capital punishment; the lethal weapons still claiming thousands of victims, often long after hostilities have ceased; and the “unconstitutional” calls for royal reform in Thailand.

November 8, 2021
November 8, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the possible end of China’s relentless 996 work hours, the killing and chilling of journalists, the urgent need to stamp out child labor in Asian farms, and the Burmese military’s history of arson attacks.

November 1, 2021
November 1, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a lifeline for Afghan female students, the end of an unconstitutional ban in the Philippines, the plight of North Korean defectors in the South, and India’s cool roofs.

October 25, 2021
October 25, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about China’s continuing crackdown on peaceful religious practice, a small step for LGBTI people in India, the closure of a human rights watchdog’s operations in Hong Kong, and how the Greater Mekong Subregion and India offer a glimmer of hope for malaria elimination.

October 18, 2021
October 18, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a simple yet powerful tool that is beyond the reach of many, Asia’s starving millions, the urgent need to revise Japan’s regressive transgender law, and a low-cost, low-input, and climate-resilient type of farming in India.

October 11, 2021
October 11, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the early impact of an offshore data tsunami, why girl children deserve a better normal, the Asian gig workers fighting for their rights, and the rain harvesters in a Nepalese town.

October 4, 2021
October 4, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the right to information laws across the region, Malaysia’s youth power, Filipino advocates pushing back against a proposed road to ruin, and the Indian lawyer who won the “alternative Nobel Prize.”

September 27, 2021
September 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the resiliency of LQBTQ activists in South Korea and Taiwan, the gatecrashing Cambodian prime minister, the Malaysian mothers fighting for their children’s citizenship rights, and China’s shadowy solar industry.

September 20, 2021
September 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the urgent need for safe childbirth, the dangers of “kinetic impact projectiles,” the never-ending battle for democracy and human rights, and a game-changing procurement system.

September 13, 2021
September 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about “the anaconda in the chandelier,” a spyware scandal, a dangerous place to stand up for the environment, and how people power scored a win for a Malaysian forest.

September 6, 2021
September 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the other global health threat that cuts life expectancies in the Asian region, the forgotten Afghan refugees in Indonesia, period poverty, and a study that shows how better pay for truck drivers in South Korea made the drivers — and the general public — safer.

August 30, 2021
August 30, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the pursuit of justice for the forcibly disappeared in Asia, the Rohingya’s quest for safe havens, lawbreaking law enforcers, and a doctor-entrepreneur who is retelling the story of health in Pakistan.

August 23, 2021
August 23, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the South Asian countries where children face extreme risk from climate change, how arbitrary detentions have fueled COVID-19 surges in Myanmar and Thai jails, China’s problematic family planning policies, and the Afghan women fighting the return to the dark days of harsh limits on their freedoms.

August 16, 2021
August 16, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the trail of rights violations that follows China’s Belt and Road projects, the two South Asian countries that are failing their daughters, how the Rohingya risk being left behind in the global COVID-19 vaccination race, and the raft of repressive measures that are keeping journalists in the region from their doing their jobs.

August 10, 2021
August 10, 2021

As the Delta variant spreads like wildfire in parts of Asia, we highlight news about Afghanistan’s swift descent into catastrophe, ASEAN Special Envoy Erywan Yusof’s tough assignment in defusing the Myanmar crisis, the severe challenges faced by indigenous peoples, a rare legal victory for online freedom in Thailand, the refusal of Taiwanese Olympians to use a name that exists on no map, and the Asian women athletes who are changing the game.

August 3, 2021
August 3, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the slogan that landed a Hong Kong protester in jail, the attacks and arrests Myanmar’s doctors face amid the pandemic, the factory fire that spotlights child labor and safety lapses in Bangladesh, and the marginalized Indian girls who are fighting child marriage.

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