Democracy Digest
Democracy Digest
A bite-sized weekly wrap-up of developments
across the region through a human rights and democratic lens
Democracy Digest

June 27, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a historic wage hike for garment workers in Pakistan’s Sindh province; the U.S. law which bans the import of goods made with forced labor from China’s Xinjiang region; the Asian countries that keep their citizens in the dark; and Vietnam’s environmental activists under attack.

Pakistan
A Silver Lining
A hard-won and historic wage increase
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]W[/dropcap]orkers in Pakistan’s Sindh province, a key garment-producing hub, are celebrating what campaigners call a historic 40 percent hike in the minimum wage from 17,500 Pakistani rupees (US$84.65) to 25,000 Pakistani rupees (US$120) per month. The increase will take effect retroactively from June 1.

Alongside the increase, the Supreme Court ruled that all workers in Sindh should receive back pay to take their wages to 19,000 Pakistani rupees (US$91.91) from July 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022.

It took almost a year for the wage increase to materialize, though. The Sindh provincial government announced it in July 2021, reports Ecotextile News. But employers lodged an appeal with the Supreme Court, claiming they could not afford to pay. As they stalled, the workers struggled to survive on poverty wages.

Global network Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) contacted H&M, Gap, C&A, Bestseller, Carrefour, Mango, Levi’s, Boohoo, Fruit of the Loom, and Tom Tailor to issue a public statement in support of the new wage and to publicly reassure suppliers they would adjust their payments to factor in the higher wage costs. Yet each brand stayed silent and was thus complicit in devastating wage theft.

Zehra Kahn, general secretary of the Home Based Workers Federation in Pakistan, says that the long-drawn-out process shows “how difficult it is to fight for a higher wage for the workers in our sector, not because of unwillingness from our government but because employers and buyers are unwilling to raise wages,” reports CCC.

CCC notes that the 40-percent increase in minimum wage is rare in garment-producing countries. However, it “remains only half” of what the group estimates to be a living wage in Pakistan.
Credit: ILO
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China
No longer ‘business as usual’?
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]I[/dropcap]n an unprecedented move, the United States began implementing the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act on June 21. The law, which was signed into law by President Joseph Biden on Dec. 23, 2021, bans the import of goods from China’s Xinjiang region, where the government has built a vast system of repression and control over the Uyghurs and other Muslim ethnic groups.

The sweeping new law is considered the U.S. government’s most significant effort to address human rights violations in Xinjiang. The law “could affect a wide range of products, including those using any raw materials from Xinjiang or with a connection to the type of Chinese labor and poverty alleviation programs the U.S. government has deemed coercive — even if the finished product used just a tiny amount of material from Xinjiang somewhere along its journey,” reports the New York Times.

Beijing denies the use of forced labor in Xinjiang, calling it “the lie of the century.” But journalists and researchers have found that the problem is pervasive in the region.

The use of Xinjiang cotton in major clothing brands and the polysilicon in solar panels is already well recognized. In addition, a disturbing array of products — such as tomato paste, the polyvinyl chloride in vinyl tiles, the batteries that power electric vehicles and store renewable energy, surgical masks, laptops, and wigs — has been linked to Uyghur forced labor.

Jim Wormington, senior researcher and advocate for corporate accountability at Human Rights Watch, said, “Companies should swiftly identify any supply chain links to Xinjiang and exit the region or risk violating US law and seeing their goods detained at the US border.”

There’s the rub: The burden of proof, which some say is onerous, rests on companies. Members of the U.S.-China Business Council see “headaches, costs, potential reputation damage and further snarled supply chains,” said Doug Barry, senior director of communications at the council in Grid.
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Regional
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Keeping citizens in the dark
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]I[/dropcap]nternet shutdowns harm democracies. They “are powerful markers of sharply deteriorating human rights situations,” warns the United Nations in a new report.

In Myanmar, the military junta is using internet shutdowns to practice “digital dictatorship,” said Alp Toker, the founder of Netblocks, in Euronews. The shutdowns, “whether localized or national, are closely associated with military raids, forced disappearances and are driven into people’s minds as a form of fear and control.”

India has the dubious distinction of recording the highest percentage of internet shutdowns — 58 percent, or 106 out of a global total of 182 — in 2021. This month, the internet was turned off in many districts of Bihar and Haryana after violent protests sparked by the controversial Agnipath scheme.

The shutdowns put students scheduled to take the Joint Entrance Examination Main to gain admission to various engineering colleges in India in a bind. They have called for the postponement of the exam in light of the internet shutdowns in many states, reports Mint.

Since 2016, the #KeepItOn coalition — more than 280 organizations from 105 countries around the world — has been fighting internet shutdowns. Nonprofit Access Now wrote the report, “The Return Of Digital Authoritarianism, Internet shutdowns in 2021,” for the coalition. The report notes that from 2020 to 2021, the Asia Pacific recorded an increase in shutdowns and from more countries: 129 shutdowns in seven countries (2021) vs. 114 shutdowns in five countries (2020). Of the five regions covered in the report, the Asia Pacific region recorded the most shutdowns in the past two years.

In 2016 the UN General Assembly passed a non-binding Resolution that “declared internet access a human right,” writes researcher Jack J. Barry, Ph.D., in OpenGlobalRights. However, the Resolution did not address governmental responsibility to provide internet access to all.
Asia’s shame list
* Source: Access Now’s “The Return Of Digital Authoritarianism, Internet shutdowns in 2021”
** Source: The World Bank
Vietnam
No country for environmental activists
[dropcap font="" size="50px" background="" color="" circle="0" transparent="0"]A[/dropcap]dvocating for the environment has become extremely risky in Vietnam. On June 17, a court in Hanoi sentenced environmental and anti-coal activist Nguy Thi Khanh to two years in prison on the charge of “committing tax evasion,” according to Green Innovation and Development Centre, the NGO she founded, and a court official. State-owned media in the country have not reported on the trial and her conviction, notes The Vietnamese Magazine.

Khanh was convicted for failing to pay a 10-percent tax on her Goldman Prize money, which is equivalent to an amount of VND 456 million (around US$19,615), reports the FIDH (International Federation for Human Rights), an NGO. She received the prestigious prize in 2018 for her work highlighting the costs and environmental impacts of coal power and partnering with officials to accelerate the rollout of renewable alternatives.

Vietnamese activists believe that tax evasion is a trumped-up case to put environmental activists behind bars. The Vietnamese Magazine reports that Khanh is the fourth NGO leader this year to be imprisoned for the same offense. The other three also spoke out against the government’s environmental policies.

As environmentalists are jailed in Vietnam and the government moves away from coal, foreign lobbyists are pressuring the government to choose gas over renewable energy sources. Japanese and South Korean industries are pushing the government to call for new investments in liquefied natural gas import infrastructure, according to an analysis by InfluenceMap, reports Climate Home News. The publication reports that “boosting gas investments will further cause consumer energy bills to rise and leave infrastructure stranded.”

The southeast Asian country is finalizing its much-delayed 2030 power development plan.
Photo of Nguy Thi Khanh
Source: Wikimedia Commons
June 27, 2022
June 27, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a historic wage hike for garment workers in Pakistan’s Sindh province; the U.S. law which bans the import of goods made with forced labor from China’s Xinjiang region; the Asian countries that keep their citizens in the dark; and Vietnam’s environmental activists under attack.

June 13, 2022
June 13, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how Mongolia brought digital rights to many citizens’ fingertips; a hidden lockdown for migrant workers in Singapore; the cross-cutting issue of food safety; and Bangladesh’s arbitrary cancellation of the license of a key human rights NGO.

June 20, 2022
June 20, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the twin victory of South Korean truckers; the spotty observance of the right of due process in the Philippines; the growing problem of elder abuse; and the burning issue of global warming — and the tools to cool down cities.

June 6, 2022
June 6, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark settlement for sacked Thai garment workers; an ongoing battle for marriage equality in Taiwan; how attacks on schools worldwide jeopardize the future of children; period poverty and pain.

May 30, 2022
May 30, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the palm oil that is tainted by corporate greed; a law that restricts rape victims in Nepal in their quest for justice; Japan’s controversial training of the Tamadaw; and the shroud of secrecy veiling Asia’s executing countries.

May 23, 2022
May 23, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a shadow pandemic in Thailand; the Taliban’s dissolution of a key human rights body in Afghanistan; the doubtful outcome of the UN rights chief’s Xinjiang visit; and an invasive technology that may turn a lifeline app into a surveillance tool.

May 16, 2022
May 16, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the decades-long struggle for disability rights in South Korea; a minimum wage law that excludes domestic helpers in Malaysia; India’s antiquated and arbitrary sedition law; and the glaring gaps in alcohol marketing regulations that put young people and heavy drinkers at risk.

May 9, 2022
May 9, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the gloomy picture of press freedom in Asia; a heartbreaking polio outbreak in Pakistan; the turning of the tide for a prisoner of conscience in the Philippines; and North Korea’s fashion police.

May 2, 2022
May 2, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the latest setback for a fallen democracy icon in Myanmar; hard-won progress for worker safety in Bangladesh; another nail in the coffin of press freedom in Hong Kong; and the human and environmental costs of sand mining.

April 25, 2022
April 25, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark legal victory for gay soldiers in South Korea; an assault on education and an ethnic community in Afghanistan; the return of an independence leader in Timor-Leste; and ASEAN’s failed five-point consensus on the Myanmar crisis.

April 18, 2022
April 18, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a landmark victory for Indonesian women; Hong Kong’s forgotten elderly; a proposed law that raises fears of a surveillance state in India; and the freedom that is at risk worldwide.

April 11, 2022
April 11, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the Filipina politician who is in the crosshairs of trolls and haters; Sri Lanka’s heavy-handed tactics; a horrifying new discovery about forced organ harvesting in China; and the major global problem of toxic air.

April 4, 2022
April 4, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: “delayed” justice for street sleepers in Hong Kong; a problematic draft law that could shut down Thailand’s vibrant civil society; India’s appalling apathy toward Rohingya refugees; and the “crucial weakness” in the governance of global health organizations.

March 28, 2022
March 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a watershed moment for lesbian and bisexual women everywhere; the other devastating pandemic; a victory for young voters in Taiwan; and Vietnam’s repressive Article 88.

March 21, 2022
March 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a baby step forward for women’s rights in Bangladesh; Singapore’s addiction to the death penalty; China’s unsafe food and how it threatens the ruling party; and the Qatari dream that has become the migrant workers’ nightmare.

March 14, 2022
March 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: South Korea’s “anti-feminist” president-elect; the tiny Southeast Asian country that is standing up to Russia; a call to end the Taliban’s crackdown on Afghan women’s rights; and the prescription for a full pandemic recovery.

March 7, 2022
March 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: ASEAN’s fence-sitting on the Ukraine crisis; the “shocking abuses” against indigenous Papuans; scant support for the backbone of Hong Kong’s economy; and lessons from an adaptation role model.

February 28, 2022
February 28, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the misleading marketing of formula milk to women worldwide; the guilty verdict that should be a watershed moment for Pakistan’s women; North Korea’s Supreme Leader’s focus on launching missiles over administering COVID-19 vaccines; and “a historic win” for grassroots activists.

February 21, 2022
February 21, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the pernicious practice of “red-tagging” in the Philippines; firewall fears in Hong Kong; a crackdown against journalists in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir; and a harmful and unnecessary rite of passage for girls.

February 14, 2022
February 14, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a horrifying hijab ban in India; an alarming spate of custodial deaths in Malaysia; the bullies hiding behind keyboards in South Korea; and the high toll of Japan’s strict entry ban.

February 7, 2022
February 7, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the “burner phone Olympics” in Beijing; Myanmar’s annus horribilis; the steep price Sri Lankans are paying for botched schemes; and the mountain of pandemic-induced medical waste that threatens health and the environment.

January 31, 2022
January 31, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a report that shows how, across the globe, corruption and human rights violations go hand in hand; a “shamelessly scandalous” scheme that threatens media freedom in the Philippines; the living hell of the Afghan LGBT community under Taliban rule; and the “positive endings” Chinese censors impose on Hollywood movies and even a local show.

January 24, 2022
January 24, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: an anti-poor “no vaccination, no ride” policy in the Philippines; a “sportswashing opportunity” for China; the bogus charges against a Cambodian opposition leader; and two rays of hope for Pakistan’s women.

January 17, 2022
January 17, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a cautiously positive report from Human Rights Watch; the math of misogyny in Indonesia; India’s draconian anti-terror law; how Cambodia keeps a lid on dissent; and the fight for the rights of migrant workers in Taiwan.

January 10, 2022
January 10, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Cambodia’s strongman playing “rogue diplomat”; a welcome ban on child marriage in the Philippines; North Korea’s “boomerang defector”; and the weaponization of technology against Muslim women.

January 3, 2022
January 3, 2022

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a wave of hate speech and violence against India’s religious minorities; press freedom in tatters in Hong Kong; a horrifying Christmas massacre in Myanmar; and how the Taliban have revoked Afghan women’s hard-won rights.

December 27, 2021
December 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Myanmar’s blood gemstones; Hong Kong’s “selection”; the failed talks on killer bots; and the need for safe, legal migration options for workers.

December 20, 2021
December 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the seamy side of a Chinese ultra-fast fashion leader; the “silencing of a Laotian son”; Kim Jong Un’s decade of abusive rule; and calls for change in a country where sexual violence regularly goes unpunished

December 13, 2021
December 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: the widespread condemnation following Aung San Suu Kyi’s conviction; the Nagaland killings that have revived debate about a controversial decades-old law; the other global infection; and Pakistan’s deadly blasphemy laws.

December 6, 2021
December 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: a high point for China’s struggling #MeToo movement; confusion over a perplexing court ruling in Indonesia; growing awareness of the rights of the hijra in Bangladesh; and the price Pakistan’s children pay for dirty needles.

November 29, 2021
November 29, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: three women journalists who have held those in power to account and have paid a high price; why Thailand is no Land of Smiles for refugees; the plight of the “marriage migrants” in Taiwan; and another victory for Mother Nature Cambodia.

November 22, 2021
November 22, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: Modi’s volte-face on India’s contentious farm laws; the wealthy country where hunger hides behind closed doors; Pakistan’s “living ghosts”; and the life-saving importance of the porcelain throne.

November 15, 2021
November 15, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the following: how China’s “gray zone” strategy seems to be backfiring in Taiwan; the Asian countries clinging to capital punishment; the lethal weapons still claiming thousands of victims, often long after hostilities have ceased; and the “unconstitutional” calls for royal reform in Thailand.

November 8, 2021
November 8, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the possible end of China’s relentless 996 work hours, the killing and chilling of journalists, the urgent need to stamp out child labor in Asian farms, and the Burmese military’s history of arson attacks.

November 1, 2021
November 1, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a lifeline for Afghan female students, the end of an unconstitutional ban in the Philippines, the plight of North Korean defectors in the South, and India’s cool roofs.

October 25, 2021
October 25, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about China’s continuing crackdown on peaceful religious practice, a small step for LGBTI people in India, the closure of a human rights watchdog’s operations in Hong Kong, and how the Greater Mekong Subregion and India offer a glimmer of hope for malaria elimination.

October 18, 2021
October 18, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about a simple yet powerful tool that is beyond the reach of many, Asia’s starving millions, the urgent need to revise Japan’s regressive transgender law, and a low-cost, low-input, and climate-resilient type of farming in India.

October 11, 2021
October 11, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the early impact of an offshore data tsunami, why girl children deserve a better normal, the Asian gig workers fighting for their rights, and the rain harvesters in a Nepalese town.

October 4, 2021
October 4, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the right to information laws across the region, Malaysia’s youth power, Filipino advocates pushing back against a proposed road to ruin, and the Indian lawyer who won the “alternative Nobel Prize.”

September 27, 2021
September 27, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the resiliency of LQBTQ activists in South Korea and Taiwan, the gatecrashing Cambodian prime minister, the Malaysian mothers fighting for their children’s citizenship rights, and China’s shadowy solar industry.

September 20, 2021
September 20, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the urgent need for safe childbirth, the dangers of “kinetic impact projectiles,” the never-ending battle for democracy and human rights, and a game-changing procurement system.

September 13, 2021
September 13, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about “the anaconda in the chandelier,” a spyware scandal, a dangerous place to stand up for the environment, and how people power scored a win for a Malaysian forest.

September 6, 2021
September 6, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the other global health threat that cuts life expectancies in the Asian region, the forgotten Afghan refugees in Indonesia, period poverty, and a study that shows how better pay for truck drivers in South Korea made the drivers — and the general public — safer.

August 30, 2021
August 30, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the pursuit of justice for the forcibly disappeared in Asia, the Rohingya’s quest for safe havens, lawbreaking law enforcers, and a doctor-entrepreneur who is retelling the story of health in Pakistan.

August 23, 2021
August 23, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the South Asian countries where children face extreme risk from climate change, how arbitrary detentions have fueled COVID-19 surges in Myanmar and Thai jails, China’s problematic family planning policies, and the Afghan women fighting the return to the dark days of harsh limits on their freedoms.

August 16, 2021
August 16, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the trail of rights violations that follows China’s Belt and Road projects, the two South Asian countries that are failing their daughters, how the Rohingya risk being left behind in the global COVID-19 vaccination race, and the raft of repressive measures that are keeping journalists in the region from their doing their jobs.

August 10, 2021
August 10, 2021

As the Delta variant spreads like wildfire in parts of Asia, we highlight news about Afghanistan’s swift descent into catastrophe, ASEAN Special Envoy Erywan Yusof’s tough assignment in defusing the Myanmar crisis, the severe challenges faced by indigenous peoples, a rare legal victory for online freedom in Thailand, the refusal of Taiwanese Olympians to use a name that exists on no map, and the Asian women athletes who are changing the game.

August 3, 2021
August 3, 2021

In this edition, we highlight news about the slogan that landed a Hong Kong protester in jail, the attacks and arrests Myanmar’s doctors face amid the pandemic, the factory fire that spotlights child labor and safety lapses in Bangladesh, and the marginalized Indian girls who are fighting child marriage.

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